Yazdgerd III, Shah of Persia

Ruled 632-651; Arab Conquest, end of Sasanian Empire.

Yazdgerd III (also spelled Yazdegerd or Yazdiger, Persian: یزدگرد سوم, "made by God") was the twenty-ninth and last king of the Sassanid dynasty of Iran and a great-grandson of King Khosrow II (590–628), who had been murdered by his son King Kavadh II of Persia in 628. Yazdgerd III ascended the throne on June 16, 632 after a series of internal conflicts.

Yazdgerd III reigned as a youth and never truly exercised authority. In his first year the Arab invasion of Iran began, and in 636 the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah decided the fate of the Persian empire. To gain some modest supports from the Persian Empire's old rival, the Roman Empire of the East, he sought an alliance with the Emperor Heraclius who then married off his young granddaughter, Manyanh, the daughter of Heraclius Constantine III and Princess Gregoria of Persia. Yazdgerd and Manyanh had issue.

Following the battle of al-Qādisiyyah the Caliph 'Umar ibn al-Khattāb besought Yazdgerd III to convert to Islam. Yazdgerd III issued a reply in which he refuted that Zoroastrians were not polytheistic and highlighted that the Iranians were cultured and civilized in contrast to the Arabs. Though this letter's authenticity is questionable to say the least, and is most likely a forgery [... In the year 30/650-1, under the caliph Uthman (Caliph ʻUthmān Ibn ʻAffān), Sa'id b. al-As entered Gurgan, the prvince touching the southeastern coast of the Caspian sea, and imposed a tribute on its ruler. From there, he marched Westward to conquer parts of Tabarestan. These conquests were lost again during the struggle between Ali (Sayyidina Ali ibn Abi Talib) and Muawiya (Muʿāwiyah I bin Abu Sufyaan) for the caliphate and the tribute for Gurgan was frequently withheld...] ref: The Cambridge history of Iran, page 198.

Arabs occupied Ctesiphon, and the young King fled into Media. Yazdgerd III then fled eastward from one district to another, until at last he was killed by a local miller for his purse at Merv in 651.

The rest of the nobles who fled settled in central Asia where they contributed greatly in spreading Persian culture and language in those regions. They also contributed to the establishment of the first native Iranian dynasty, the Samanid dynasty, which sought to retain some Sassanid traditions while still promoting Islam.

The Zoroastrian religious calendar, which is still in use today, uses the regnal year of Yazdgerd III as its base year. Its calendar era (year numbering system), which is accompanied by a Y.Z. suffix, thus indicates the number of years since the emperor's coronation in 632 AD.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yazdgerd_III for more information.

29th & Last Sassanid King of Iran

Source 1: http://www.thefullwiki.org/Yazdegerd_III

Source 2: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yazdegerd_III

http://akevoth.org/genealogy/duparc/3702.htm

King Yazdegerd (Yazadagird), birth CA 610 Persia, died 651 murdered near Merv by a miller, occupation: King of Parthia 633-651, son of Shahrijar and nn

Yazdgerd III (also spelled Yazdegerd or Yazdiger, Persian: "made by God") was the twenty-ninth and last king of the Sassanid dynasty and a grandson of Khosrau II (590û628), who had been murdered by his son Kavadh II of Persia in 628. His fathe r was Shahryar whose mother was Miriam, the daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Maurice. [1] Yazdgerd III ascended the throne on June 16 after a series of internal conflicts.

Yazdgerd III reigned as a youth and never truly exercised authority. In his first year the Arab invasion of Persia began, and in 636 the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah decided the fate of the Persian empire. To gain some modest supports from the Persia n Empire's old rival, the Roman Empire of the East, he sought an alliance with the Emperor Heraclius who then married off his young granddaughter, Manyanh, the daughter of Heraclius Constantine III and Princess Gregoria of Persia. Yazdgerd an d Manyanh had issue.

Arabs occupied Ctesiphon , and the young King fled into Media. Yazdgerd III then fled eastward from one district to another, until at last he was killed by a local miller for his purse at Merv .[1]

The rest of the nobles who fled settled in central Asia where they contributed greatly in spreading Persian culture and language in those regions. They also contributed to the establishment of the first native Iranian dynasty, the Samanid dynasty , which sought to retain some Sassanid traditions while still promoting Islam.

The Zoroastrian religious calendar , which is still in use today, uses the regnal year of Yazdgerd III as its base year. Its calendar era (year numbering system), which is accompanied by a Y.Z. suffix, thus indicates the number of years since th e emperor's coronation in 632 CE.

Yazdgerd's son Pirooz fled to China : R1b1a1a2* or R-M269 12 14 24 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 29 is Shah Yazdegerd III Haplogroup I

Yazdegerd III and his son Pirouz III exiled or journey from Merv to Tajikistan to Tocharian region in the Tarim Basin and to Emperor Yamamoto Imperial Court.

Petit-fils de Khosrow II et Chîrin, fils du prince Shâhriar et d'une concubine noire. Lors du massacre des princes royaux perpétré par Kavadh II, il est sauvé de la mort par sa grand-mère et caché en province dans le Fars2.

Avec l'aide du général Rostam, il s'empare de la capitale Ctésiphon à l'âge de 16 ans. Le début de son règne le 16 juin 632 est la date initiale de l'ère qui porte son nom (ère de Yazdgard, qui marque le début du calendrier des Pârsî). Il règne en concurrence avec son cousin Hormizd VI jusqu'à l'assassinat de celui-ci en janvier 633.

Dès 633/634, il doit faire face à l'invasion des Arabes musulmans qui ont déjà razzié l'Irak au cours de la période de conflits dynastiques des années 628/632. Ses généraux sont vaincus dans plusieurs batailles, dont Rostam Farrokhzad en 635 à Qâdisiya, non loin de Hira, ce qui entraîne la perte de la capitale Ctésiphon en 637, puis une série de défaites la même année lors des batailles d'Ahvāz, Jalula, Rām Hurmuz et la conquête du Khouzistan par les Arabes. En 641/642, la défaite de Firuzān (i. e. : Pérozân) à la bataille de Nihāvand entraîne la perte de la Médie, et le roi Yazdgard III doit se réfugier dans le sud de ses États. Deux nouvelles défaites de ses troupes, commandées par Shahrvarāz Jādhuyih à Ispahan en 642 puis en 643 lors de la bataille de Wāj Rudh par le dynaste arménien Varaz-Tiroç II Bagratouni, qui entraîne la perte de Reyy, l'obligent à fuir dans l'est de l'empire.

Alors que les dynastes locaux du Tabaristan concluent des trêves avec les Arabes, il se réfugie à Merv dans l'extrême-est de l'empire, auprès du mazbân Mâhôe où il est assassiné à l'automne 651. Son corps, jeté dans une rivière et repêché par des paysans, est identifié et inhumé par Élie, l'évêque chrétien nestorien de Merv.

D'après Masudi, historien arabe chiite, Yazdgard III avait trois filles, Adrek ou Adragh, Chahin ou Shahr Banû, qui aurait épousé Al-Hussein ibn Ali, et Mardawend, et aussi deux fils, Bahram et Péroz III

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Sassanian Shahs http://antikforever.com/Perse/Sassanides/Sassanides.htm

Sasanian family tree : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanian_family_tree#Sasanian_family_...

list of shahinshah of the Sassanid empire https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_shahanshahs_of_the_Sasanian_E...

Yazdgerd III, Shah of Persia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yazdegerd_III

Is this the same person??

https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sassanide-9

دوران ۶۳۲- ۶۵۱ میلادی زادگاه استخر محل مرگ مرو پیش از پیروز سوم پس از خسرو چهارم دودمان ساسانی پدر شهریار فرزندان پیروز سوم، شهربانو، بهرام، ادرگ، مردآوند دین زردشتی

یزدگرد سوم سی و چهارمین و آخرین پادشاه ساسانی، پسر شهریار و نوهٔ خسرو پرویز و همسر محبوبش شیرین بود. در سال ۶۳۲ میلادی چون کسی از خانوادهٔ سلطنتی باقی نمانده بود، او را پیدا کرده و بر تخت نشاندند. [%DB%B1] به قولی هنگام بر تخت نشستن ۲۱ سال داشت و به مدت بیست سال پادشاهی کرد. با بپادشاهی رسیدن یزدگرد، بعد از چندین سال‌آشوب و تفرقه، سرانجام آرامش به ایران بازگشت و همه به اطاعت او درآمدند. [%DB%B2]

حمله اعراب به ایران در زمان پادشاهی او رخ‌داد که به تسخیر تیسفون و تقریباً سراسر قلمرو ساسانیان و شکست و آوارگی یزدگرد انجامید. یزدگرد در نتیجهٔ خیانت گروهی از زیردستانش در پیرامون مرو در آسیابی کشته‌شد.

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