Sancho Garcés II, apodado Abarca

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancho_Garc%C3%A9s_II_de_Pamplona

Sancho II Garcés Abarca (after 935 – December 994) was the Jiménez King of Pamplona and Count of Aragon from 970 until his death. He was the son of García Sánchez I and Andregota, daughter and heiress of Galindo Aznárez II, Count of Aragon. After his succession, he recognised his younger brother Ramiro as King of Viguera.

[source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancho_II_Garc%C3%A9s]

http://www.friesian.com/perifran.htm#basque

http://genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00106636&tree=LEO

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Sancho II of Pamplona

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sancho II Garcés Abarca (after 935 – December 994) was the Jiménez King of Pamplona and Count of Aragon from 970 until his death. He was the son of García Sánchez I and Andregota, daughter and heiress of Galindo Aznárez II, Count of Aragon. After his succession, he recognised his younger brother Ramiro as King of Viguera.

The Historia General de Navarra by Jaime del Burgo says (referencing in turn the Anales del Reino de Navarra of José de Moret) that on the occasion of the donation of the villa of Alastue by Sancho to the monastery of San Juan de la Peña in 987, he titled himself "King of Navarre," the first time that title had been used. In other places, he appears as the first King of Aragon and in others the third. These titles, however, did not come into common usage until the late eleventh century. The epithet "Abarca," meaning "sandal," is not contemporary, but is medieval.

Under Sancho and his immediate successors, Navarre reached the height of its power and its largest size. During this period, the Navarre was united to the Kingdom of León and the County of Castile by familial bonds. The Navarrese monarchy supported the young Ramiro II when he secured the throne of León.

Upon the death of the Caliph of Cordoba, Al-Hakam II, in 976, and the succession of his son Hisham II, who had been taught by Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir, the prospects of the Christian kingdoms seemed dim. The troops of Al-Mansur defeated the Christians at Torrevicente, south of Soria. Afterwards, the Muslims returned to triumph at Taracueña, near Osma. In 975, Sancho was defeated by the Moors at San Esteban de Gormaz, and in 981 at Rueda, a dozen kilometers from Tordesillas, the Christians suffered another humiliating defeat.

Because he could not defeat Al-Mansur by arms, Sancho went to Córdoba as an ambassador for his own kingdom, bringing many gifts for the victorious Al-Mansur, making a pact with him and agreeing to give the Muslim his daughter Urraca in marriage. From this union was born Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, the second successor of Al-Mansur who tried to usurp the Caliphate of Córdoba from the Umayyad heir.

In 972, he founded the monastery of San Andrés de Cirueña. In 976, at the monastery of Albelda, the cultural and intellectual centre of his kingdom, the Codex Vigilanus was completed. It is one of the most important illuminated manuscripts of medieval Spain, containing the canons of the Councils of Toledo, a copy of the Liber Iudiciorum, and the first Western representation of the Arabic numerals, among many other texts.

Sancho married Urraca, the daughter of the Castilian count Fernán González and Sancha, Sancho's aunt. The marriage occurred after 962 and before 970. Before 950, Urraca had been married twice previously, to Ordoño III and Ordoño IV of León, from both of whom she separated. Sancho was her third and last husband. Their children were:

García Sánchez II

Ramiro (died 992)

Gonzalo, was given the county of Aragon under the regency of his mother

Urraca (Abda) the Basque, given to Al-Mansur before entering a convent

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Sancho II Garcés Abarca (after 935 – December 994) was the Jiménez King of Pamplona and Count of Aragon from 970 until his death. He was the son of García Sánchez I and Andregota, daughter and heiress of Galindo Aznárez II, Count of Aragon. After his succession, he recognised his younger brother Ramiro as King of Viguera.

The Historia General de Navarra by Jaime del Burgo says (referencing in turn the Anales del Reino de Navarra of José de Moret) that on the occasion of the donation of the villa of Alastue by Sancho to the monastery of San Juan de la Peña in 987, he titled himself "King of Navarre," the first time that title had been used. In other places, he appears as the first King of Aragon and in others the third. These titles, however, did not come into common usage until the late eleventh century. The epithet "Abarca," meaning "sandal," is not contemporary, but is medieval.

Under Sancho and his immediate successors, Navarre reached the height of its power and its largest size. During this period, the Navarre was united to the Kingdom of León and the County of Castile by familial bonds. The Navarrese monarchy supported the young Ramiro II when he secured the throne of León.

Upon the death of the Caliph of Cordoba, Al-Hakam II, in 976, and the succession of his son Hisham II, who had been taught by Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir, the prospects of the Christian kingdoms seemed dim. The troops of Al-Mansur defeated the Christians at Torrevicente, south of Soria. Afterwards, the Muslims returned to triumph at Taracueña, near Osma. In 975, Sancho was defeated by the Moors at San Esteban de Gormaz, and in 981 at Rueda, a dozen kilometers from Tordesillas, the Christians suffered another humiliating defeat.

Because he could not defeat Al-Mansur by arms, Sancho went to Córdoba as an ambassador for his own kingdom, bringing many gifts for the victorious Al-Mansur, making a pact with him and agreeing to give the Muslim his daughter Urraca in marriage. From this union was born Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, the second successor of Al-Mansur who tried to usurp the Caliphate of Córdoba from the Umayyad heir.

In 972, he founded the monastery of San Andrés de Cirueña. In 976, at the monastery of Albelda, the cultural and intellectual centre of his kingdom, the Codex Vigilanus was completed. It is one of the most important illuminated manuscripts of medieval Spain, containing the canons of the Councils of Toledo, a copy of the Liber Iudiciorum, and the first Western representation of the Arabic numerals, among many other texts.

Sancho married Urraca, the daughter of the Castilian count Fernán González and Sancha, Sancho's aunt. The marriage occurred after 962 and before 970. Before 950, Urraca had been married twice previously, to Ordoño III and Ordoño IV of León, from both of whom she separated. Sancho was her third and last husband. Their children were:

García Sánchez II

Ramiro (died 992)

Gonzalo, was given the county of Aragon under the regency of his mother

Urraca (Abda) the Basque, given to Al-Mansur before entering a convent

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Sancho II Garcés Abarca (after 935 – December 994) was King of Pamplona from 970 until his death. He was the son of García Sánchez I and Andregota, daughter of Galindo Aznárez II, Count of Aragon. After his succession, he recognised his younger brother Ramiro as King of Viguera.

Sancho married Urraca, the daughter of the Castilian count Fernán González and Sancha of Navarre, Sancho's aunt. The marriage occurred after 962 and before 970. Before 950, Urraca had been married twice previously, to Ordoño III and Ordoño IV of León, from both of whom she separated. Sancho was her third and last husband. Their children were:

   * García Sánchez II

* Ramiro (died 992)
* Gonzalo, was given the county of Aragon under the regency of his mother
* Urraca (Abda) the Basque, given to Al-Mansur before entering a convent

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Sancho II Garcés Abarca (after 935 – December 994) was the Jiménez King of Pamplona and Count of Aragon from 970 until his death. He was the son of García Sánchez I and Andregota, daughter and heiress of Galindo Aznárez II, Count of Aragon. After his succession, he recognised his younger brother Ramiro as King of Viguera.

The Historia General de Navarra by Jaime del Burgo says (referencing in turn the Anales del Reino de Navarra of José de Moret) that on the occasion of the donation of the villa of Alastue by Sancho to the monastery of San Juan de la Peña in 987, he titled himself "King of Navarre," the first time that title had been used. In other places, he appears as the first King of Aragon and in others the third. These titles, however, did not come into common usage until the late eleventh century. The epithet "Abarca," meaning "sandal," is not contemporary, but is medieval.

Under Sancho and his immediate successors, Navarre reached the height of its power and its largest size. During this period, the Navarre was united to the Kingdom of León and the County of Castile by familial bonds. The Navarrese monarchy supported the young Ramiro II when he secured the throne of León.

Upon the death of the Caliph of Cordoba, Al-Hakam II, in 976, and the succession of his son Hisham II, who had been taught by Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir, the prospects of the Christian kingdoms seemed dim. The troops of Al-Mansur defeated the Christians at Torrevicente, south of Soria. Afterwards, the Muslims returned to triumph at Taracueña, near Osma. In 975, Sancho was defeated by the Moors at San Esteban de Gormaz, and in 981 at Rueda, a dozen kilometers from Tordesillas, the Christians suffered another humiliating defeat.

Because he could not defeat Al-Mansur by arms, Sancho went to Córdoba as an ambassador for his own kingdom, bringing many gifts for the victorious Al-Mansur, making a pact with him and agreeing to give the Muslim his daughter Urraca in marriage. From this union was born Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, the second successor of Al-Mansur who tried to usurp the Caliphate of Córdoba from the Umayyad heir.

In 972, he founded the monastery of San Andrés de Cirueña. In 976, at the monastery of Albelda, the cultural and intellectual centre of his kingdom, the Codex Vigilanus was completed. It is one of the most important illuminated manuscripts of medieval Spain, containing the canons of the Councils of Toledo, a copy of the Liber Iudiciorum, and the first Western representation of the Arabic numerals, among many other texts.

Sancho married Urraca, the daughter of the Castilian count Fernán González and Sancha, Sancho's aunt. The marriage occurred after 962 and before 970. Before 950, Urraca had been married twice previously, to Ordoño III and Ordoño IV of León, from both of whom she separated. Sancho was her third and last husband. Their children were:

García Sánchez II

Ramiro (died 992)

Gonzalo, was given the county of Aragon under the regency of his mother

Urraca (Abda) the Basque, given to Al-Mansur before entering a convent

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Rey de Pamplona (970 - 994) y conde de Aragón (970 - 994).

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Sancho Garcés II de Pamplona

De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

Sancho Garcés II de Pamplona.Sancho Garcés II apodado «Abarca». Rey de Pamplona (970 - 994) y conde de Aragón (970 - 994).

Era hijo del rey García Sánchez I y Andregoto Galíndez, hija del conde de Aragón Galindo Aznárez II (867-892).

En la Historia General de Navarra de Jaime del Burgo se cita -haciendo, a su vez, referencia a la obra de José de Moret, Anales del Reino de Navarra- que con motivo de la donación de la villa de Alastue hecha por el rey de Pamplona al monasterio de San Juan de la Peña en 987, se titula rey de Navarra, siendo el primero que usó este nombre: «reinando Yo, D. Sancho, rey de Navarra, en Aragón, en Nájera y hasta Montes de Oca...». En otros muchos lugares aparece como el primer Rey de Aragón y en otros como el tercero.

En esta época los reinos de León, Navarra y el condado de Castilla estaban unidos por lazos familiares; la monarquía navarra sostenía a Ramiro III de León, menor de edad.

Al morir Alhakén II en 976 y sucederle su hijo Hixem II tutelado por Almanzor, se ensombrecieron aún más las perspectivas de todos los reinos cristianos: las tropas de Almanzor vencieron a los cristianos en Torrevicente, al sur de Soria, y después también en Taracueña, cerca de Osma.

En 975 fue derrotado por los musulmanes en Gormaz, y en 981 los cristianos sufrieron una humillante derrota en Rueda, a 12 km de Tordesillas.

Como por las armas no se podía con Almanzor, Sancho Garcés acudió a Córdoba como embajador de su propio reino, llevando cuantiosos regalos para el victorioso Almanzor, pactando con él y llegando a entregar al musulmán a su hija en matrimonio. Fruto de este matrimonio nació el que habría de ser Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, heredero al Califato de Córdoba. Su hijo Gonzalo volvió en 993 para dar seguridades a Córdoba de una actitud de sumisión.

Fundó el Monasterio de San Andrés de Cirueña (972).

Casado, posiblemente, en 962 con Urraca Fernández, hija de Fernán González y de Sancha de Pamplona. Antes de 950 Urraca había estado casada con Ordoño III de León y en 956 casó con el futuro Ordoño IV "El Malo", de quien se separó.

Enterrado actualmente en la iglesia del monasterio de Santa María la Real de Nájera (La Rioja), templo gótico edificado entre 1422 y 1453. A sus pies se halla el panteón real (reconstruido entre 1556 y 1559) en el que están enterrados varios reyes de Pamplona y de León. En la mencionada Historia General de Navarra (pág. 487) se dice que: «El nombre de Abarca con que se le conoce ya dijimos que no era contemporáneo. Aparece en documentos adulterados de San Juan de la Peña, monasterio de Leyre y catedral de Pamplona, cuyas copias son de los siglos XII y XIII».

Hijos  

García II Sánchez "el Temblón", Rey de Pamplona, casado con Jimena Fernández.

Ramiro de Navarra (m. 992).

Gonzalo de Navarra. Algunos documentos lo presentan como conde de Aragón. Bajo la dependencia de su padre gobernaba el condado de Aragón en unión de su madre la reina Urraca.

Abda (Urraca) de Navarra "La Vascona", entregada a Almanzor, y que antes de ingresar en un convento le dio un hijo, Abderramán "Sanchuelo".

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancho_II_of_Navarre

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De Wikipedia:

Rey de Pamplona de 938 a 994.

En septiembre de 971 envió embajadores al califato de Córdoba, según consta en al-Muqtabis de Ibn Hayyan, para entrevistarse con el califa omeya Alhakén II. Después de la muerte de Alhakén II en 976 y sucederle su hijo Hixem II tutelado por Almanzor, se ensombrecieron aún más las perspectivas de todos los reinos cristianos: las tropas de Almanzor vencieron en 981 a los cristianos en Torrevicente, al sur de Soria, y después también en Tarancueña, cerca de Osma. En 975 fue derrotado por los musulmanes en Gormaz, y en 981 los cristianos sufrieron una humillante derrota en Rueda, a 12 km de Tordesillas. También en 983 los ejércitos del conde castellano García Fernández, del rey Ramiro III, y de Sancho Garcés se enfrentaron con las tropas de Almanzor en Simancas donde fueron derrotados y murieron luchando muchos cristianos.

Almanzor emprendió su primera campaña contra el reino de Pamplona en 992. Como por las armas no se podía con Almanzor, el 4 de septiembre de 992, Sancho Garcés acudió a Córdoba como embajador de su propio reino, llevando cuantiosos regalos para el victorioso Almanzor y pactando con él. Estando en la corte del califa, se encontró con el victorioso Almanzor y pactando con él. Estando en la corte del califa, se encontró con su hija Urraca, también llamada Abda, a quien había entregado como esposa a Almanzor en 982 y que le había dado un hijo, Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, heredero al Califato de Córdoba. Su hijo Gonzalo volvió en 993 para dar seguridades a Córdoba de una actitud de sumisión.

Fundó el Monasterio de San Andrés de Cirueña en 972 y el 24 de noviembre de 978 se encontró en la fundación del Infantazgo de Covarrubias, creado por los condes de Castilla García Fernández y su esposa Ava para su hija, Urraca, sobrina de la esposa del rey Sancho, Urraca Fernández con quien había casado, posiblemente, en 962, hija de Fernán González y de Sancha de Pamplona. Antes de 950 Urraca había estado casada con Ordoño III de León y en 956 casó con el futuro Ordoño IV «el Malo», de quien se separó.

Falleció en 994, unos meses antes que el conde castellano García Fernández. Primero fue enterrado en San Esteban de Monjardín y, posteriormente, recibió sepultura en el Monasterio de San Juan de la Peña.