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About Richard II, duke of Burgundy
Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne (d. 921)
http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BURGUNDY.htm
RICHARD, son of comte BUVINUS [Bouvin] & his wife --- d'Arles (-[31 Aug or 1 or 29 Sep] 921, bur Abbaye de Sainte-Colombe de Sens, Yonne).
The Annales Bertiniani name "Richardus frater Bosonis" when recording that, after the capture of Vienne by the forces of King Carloman, he took “uxorem Bosonis et filiam eius” back to “comitatum suum Augustudensem” in 882[4]. Gingins-la-Sarra suggests that Richard was the uterine brother of King Boson, their mother having married secondly Theoderic [VI] “le Trésorier” Comte d´Autun (see CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY)[5]. He refers to the testament dated to [Jan 876] of Ekkehard Comte d´Autun, possibly the brother of Theoderic [VI], which names "…Theoderico et Richardo filio eius…" among the beneficiaries[6]. He identifies “Richardo” with the future duke of Burgundy, although there seems to be no basis for assuming that this co-identity is correct other than the name. The name Richard is well-established in the Bosonid family, which does not appear to be the case in the Theoderic/Nibelung family to which Theoderic [VI] belonged, where it was probably recently introduced through Theoderic´s wife (Settipani suggests that she was the sister of King Boson´s father[7]). In addition, Richard Duke of Burgundy named one of his sons Boson, although this is not conclusive for establishing his paternity as the name also appears in Duke Richard´s maternal line. On the other hand, none of the typical names of the Theoderic/Nibelung family appear among the descendants of Duke Richard. In any case, the chronologically does not appear favourable. Richard is named as count in 876 (see below). If he had been King Boson´s uterine brother, he could not have been more than ten years old at the time, which is incompatible with his bearing the comital title. Gingins-la-Sarra´s hypothesis cannot be dismissed entirely. However, it is a convoluted interpretation of the otherwise simple statement in the Annales Bertiniani that Richard was King Boson´s brother.
Unless further information comes to light in other sources, it is suggested that the simple explanation is the best. An agreement dated Feb 876 of Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks names "Bosonis…ducis et sacri palatii archiministri atque imperiali missi, Richardi comitis…" as present in Italy with the king, although it fails to specify the family relationship between them[8]. "Richardus comes" is named as present in a charter dated 4 Sep 876 under which Emperor Charles II "le Chauve" granted property "villam…Piredus in pago Senonico"[9]. He presumably assumed the role of his brother Boson as missus in Italy in early 877, when the latter was recalled by Emperor Charles II. "Richardi comitis, Teutbaldi comitis, Bernardi comitis" subscribed the charter dated 25 Jul 879 under which "Boso…et coniunx mea Hirmingardi proles imperiales" donated property "in pago Laticense…in villa Lantinus" to the abbey of Montiérender[10]. Comte d'Autun. At first sight, this might appear to provide the missing connection with Theoderic [VI], who was also Comte d´Autun. However, it is recorded that King Boson disputed Theoderic´s right to the county, in which case it is unlikely that he would have awarded it to Theoderic´s son. Richard established himself in the future duchy of Burgundy, north of his brother's realm, with his capital at Autun. “Carlomannus…Rex” restored property “villam Taniacum” to the church of Autun, at the request of “Richardi Comiti Augustodensis”, by charter dated 1 Dec 880, the text ending with “Theodoricus Comes ambasciavit”[11]. He was invested as lay abbot of Saint-Symphorien by Carloman King of the East Franks in 880. He succeeded his wife's uncle Hugues l'Abbé as Comte d'Auxerre in 886. He led the Carolingian army which besieged his brother King Boso at Vienne in 882. The counties in Burgundy, except Mâcon, submitted to him.
He was later known as RICHARD "le Justicier" Duke of Burgundy, although it is unlikely that he was considered at the time as founder of a unified duchy of Burgundy as such, rather as the suzerain of various counties who held the title "duke". "Richardo marchione…eius filiis Rodulpho, Hugone atque Bosone…comitibus" were present at the restitution of property at "Tiliniaco et Canavis" by charter dated 5 Sep 901[12].
The death of "Richardus marchio de Burgundia" is recorded by Flodoard in 921[13]. The Annales S. Benigni Divisionensis record the death "II Kal Sep 921" of "Ricardus comes"[14]. The Historia Francorum Senonensis records the death "Kal Sep" of "Richardus dux Burgundiæ", and his burial "in basilica sanctæ Columbæ"[15]. The sacrementaire of Sens cathedral records the death "III Kal Oct" of "Ricardi comitis"[16]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 1 Sep of "Richardus comes"[17].
m ([887/88]%29 ADELAIS, daughter of CONRAD Marquis of Transjurania [Welf] & his wife Waldrada --- (-after 14 Jul 929). "Adeleth…comitissa" donated property "villam Poligniacum in comitatu Warasco" to Autun naming "filii mei Hugonis comitis" by charter dated 24 Apr 922, subscribed by "Hugo comes, Rodulphus comes, Boso comes" and witnessed by "Wallonis comitis…"[18]. Her origin is deduced by her being named as sister of "Rodulfi regis" (Rudolf I King of Burgundy) in the latter's 10 Jun 888 charter[19], as well as in her own 14 Jan 929 grant to Cluny, the 929 charter also naming "Richardi principis domni mei"[20]. After her husband died, she retired to a monastery. She transferred the monastery of Roman-Moutier to the monastery of Cluny by charter dated 14 Jul 929[21].
[Mistress (1): ---. As mentioned below, it is likely that Duke Richard's son Gebuin was illegitimate. If this is correct, the name of his mistress is not known.]
Duke Richard & his wife had [four] children:
1. RODOLFE [Raoul] (-Auxerre, Yonne 15/16 Jan 936, bur église de l'abbaye de Sainte-Colombe de Sens). Flodoard names "Rodulfo filio Richardi"[22]. He is named "Rodulfo rex filio meo" in the grant of "Adeleydis comitissa soror Rodulfi" to Cluny dated 14 Jun 929[23]. Rodulfus Glaber names "Rodulfus, Richardi ducis Burgundiæ filius"[24]. He succeeded his father in 921 as RAOUL Duke of Burgundy. He was elected as RAOUL King of France in 923 to succeed his father-in-law. The Historia Francorum Senonensis records the death "XVIII Kal Feb" of "Rodulfo rege", specifying his burial "in basilica aanctæ Columbæ"[25]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 14 Jan of "Rodulphus rex"[26]. m ([911/19]%29 EMMA, daughter of ROBERT "le Fort" Marquis en Neustrie, Comte de Paris [later Robert I King of France] & his [first/second wife ---] (-2 Nov 934). Flodoard names "Emma regis Rotberti filia" when recording that she obliged Seulf Archbishop of Reims to consecrate her queen at Reims in 923 in the absence of her husband fighting[27]. Rodulfus Glaber names "Emmam…sororem…magni Hugonis" as wife of "Rodulfus, Richardi ducis Burgundiæ filius", suggesting that she was instrumental in persuading her brother to support her husband's accession as king[28]. "Emme nostri imperii consortis" and "Emma coniux mea" is named in the charters of "Rodolfus Francorum rex" dated 21 Jun 931 and 1 Jul 931[29]. Flodoard records the death of "Emma regina" at the end of his passage dated 934[30]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death "IV Non Nov" of "domna Emma regina"[31].
2. [ERMENGARD. Ermengardis, wife of Giselbert, has been accepted as the daughter of Duke Richard since Du Chesne in 1625[35]. More recently this affiliation has been challenged, in particular because she is not mentioned in her mother's will[36]. In addition, if it is correct that Giselbert's mother was the daughter of King Boson (see BURGUNDIAN NOBILITY), she would have been her husband's first cousin. m GISELBERT, son of MANASSES Comte de Vergy & his wife --- (-956). He became GISELBERT Duke of Burgundy, after Raoul and Hugues "le Noir" ceded him their rights to Burgundy in [936]. After his death, Lothaire King of France took direct control of his part of Burgundy[37].]
3. HUGUES "le Noir" (-17 Dec 952, bur Besançon). Flodoard names "Hugo filius Richardi"[38]. Comte in the area outre-Saône, the future Franche-Comté, before 914. "Hugo inclitus comes et marchio, nosterque fidelis et propinquus" is named in the charter of Emperor Louis III [de Provence] (his first cousin) dated 920[39]. "Ugonem comte palatio filius Ricardi" is named in a charter dated 18 Jan 926 in which Bertagia challenges an inheritance[40]. He is named "Huguone aliis quoque filiis meis" in the grant by "Adeleydis comitissa soror Rodulfi" to Cluny dated 14 Jun 929, listed before Boson[41]. Comte de Mâcon from 931. "Hugonis frater meus" is named by "Rodulfus Francorum rex" in the latter's 1 Jul 931 charter[42]. Comte et Marquis de Provence 936. After the death of his brother King Raoul 936, he and Hugues "le Blanc/le Grand" Capet, and his brother-in-law Giselbert, divided Burgundy between them. He was seen by Hugues "le Grand" Capet as a potentially too powerful candidate for the French throne after his brother's death in 936, prompting Hugues to recall the future King Louis IV "d'Outremer" from England, whom Hugues "le Noir" refused to recognise as king until 938[43]. He is named "nostri principes…alter Hugo dux scilicet Burgundionum" in a charter of "Ludovicus rex" dated 1 Jul 946[44]. The Chronicon Floriacensi records the death in 952 of "Ugo Dux Burgundionum et Alanus Brittonum"[45].
4. BOSON (-Sep 935, bur Reims, église de l'abbaye de Saint-Rémi). Flodoard names "Boso filius Richardi"[46]. He is named "Bosone aliis quoque filiis meis" in the grant of "Adeleydis comitissa soror Rodulfi" to Cluny dated 14 Jun 929, listed after Hugues[47]. Comte in Upper Burgundy, lay abbot of Moyenmoutiers. He was killed at the siege of Saint-Quentin, Aisne against Hugues "le Grand"[48]. m ([928]%29 as her first husband, BERTA d'Arles, daughter of BOSO Comte d'Arles, later Marchese of Tuscany, & his wife Willa --- (-after 18 Aug 965). "Bertam, Willam, Richildam et Gislam" are named (in order) as the four daughters of Boso and Willa by Liutprand[49], who in a later passage names Berta as "Bosonis Arelatensis comitis viduæ" and mentions her marriage soon after the death of her first husband to Raymond, by virtue of which she was deemed guilty of incest[50]. She married secondly ([936]) Raymond Comte de Rouergue Marquis de Septimanie, who became Duke of Aquitaine in 936.
Duke Richard had one child [probably illegitimate] by [Mistress (1)]:
5. GEBUIN . "Giboinus germanus suus", apparently referring to Hugues "le Noir", is named in a charter dated 18 Jan 926[51]. It is likely that he was illegitimate as he is mentioned in none of the sources which list the other brothers of Hugues. same person as …? GEBUIN . There is no direct proof of co-identity of the two persons named Gebuin, but the chronology is favourable and the unusual name indicates that this is probably correct. See COMTES de DIJON, COMTES d'ATUYER.
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Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
- Rudolph, successor and later King of France
- Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
- Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
- Willa, married firstly Hugh, Count of Vienne, and secondly Boso, Count of Arles
- Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
- Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon
Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne M, #105194 Last Edited=10 Apr 2003
Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne gained the title of Duc de Bourgogne. Child of Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne and Adelaide d'Auxerre -1. Rudolf de Bourgogne, Roi de France d. 936
Forrás / Source: http://www.thepeerage.com/p10520.htm#i105194
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
Richard, Duke of Burgundy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region. Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald. In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici. In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence. After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890. Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed] “ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” [edit]Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters: Rudolph, successor and later King of France Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy Willa, married firstly Hugh, Count of Vienne, and secondly Boso, Count of Arles Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon [edit]Sources
Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
Rudolph, successor and later King of France Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon Sources
Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed] “ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” [edit] Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
* Rudolph, successor and later King of France
* Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
* Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
* Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
* Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon
[edit] Sources
* Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
Occupation: Duke of Burgundy
Richard the Justiciar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard,_Duke_of_Burgundy
Richard, Duke of Burgundy
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Map of the three parts in the old Kingdom of Burgundy, ca 900. Upper Burgundy Lower Burgundy Duchy of Burgundy of Richard the Justiciar
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
[edit] Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
* Rudolph, successor and later King of France
* Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
* Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
* Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
* Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon
[edit] Sources
* Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
[edit] See also
* Dukes of Burgundy family tree
Preceded by
none Duke of Burgundy Succeeded by
Rudolph
This page was last modified on 27 April 2010 at 21:43.
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
* Rudolph, successor and later King of France
* Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
* Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
* Willa, married firstly Hugh, Count of Vienne, and secondly Boso, Count of Arles
* Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
* Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon
Sources
* Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard,_Duke_of_Burgundy
Richard, Duke of Burgundy
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Map of the three parts in the old Kingdom of Burgundy, ca 900. Upper Burgundy Lower Burgundy Duchy of Burgundy of Richard the Justiciar
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
[edit] Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
* Rudolph, successor and later King of France
* Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
* Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
* Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
* Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon
[edit] Sources
* Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
[edit] See also
* Dukes of Burgundy family tree
Preceded by
none Duke of Burgundy Succeeded by
Rudolph
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http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_der_Gerichtsherr
Richard der Gerichtsherr aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie Dies ist eine gesichtete Version dieser SeiteDetails zeigen/verstecken Dies ist die gesichtete Version, die am 21. September 2010 markiert wurde. Es gibt 1 ausstehende Änderung, die noch gesichtet werden muss. Wechseln zu: Navigation, Suche
Richard der Gerichtsherr (lateinisch: Richardus Justitiarius, französisch: Richard le Justicier; * 858; † 921 in Auxerre) war ein fränkischer Adliger aus der Familie der Buviniden. Während des späten 9. Jahrhunderts fasste er die westlich der Saône gelegenen Gebiete des alten Burgund unter seiner Herrschaft zusammen und gilt damit als Begründer des mittelalterlichen Herzogtums Burgund, der heutigen französischen Region Bourgogne. Inhaltsverzeichnis [Anzeigen]
* 1 Leben
o 1.1 Herkunft
o 1.2 Bruderkampf
o 1.3 Herzog von Burgund
* 2 Nachkommen
* 3 Weblink
Leben [Bearbeiten] Herkunft [Bearbeiten] Burgund seit dem ausgehenden 9. Jahrhundert Königreich Niederburgund (orange; Boso von Vienne) Königreich Hochburgund (grün; Rudolf I.) Herzogtum Burgund (braun; Richard der Gerichtsherr)
Richard war der Sohn des Buvinus, Graf von Metz und Laienabt von Gorze, und dessen Ehefrau Richilde von Arles. Sein Bruder war Boso von Vienne und seine Schwester Richildis war die Ehefrau des westfränkischen Königs und späteren Kaisers Karl dem Kahlen. Über seine Tante mütterlicherseits war Richard zudem ein Neffe des Königs Lothar II..
Richard war seit ca. 887/888 verheiratet mit Adelheid, einer Schwester des tranjuranischen Dux und späteren Königs Rudolf I. aus der Familie der Welfen. Seine Frau brachte ihm die Grafschaft Auxerre als Mitgift in die Ehe ein. Bruderkampf [Bearbeiten]
Nachdem Tod des Kaisers Ludwig II. (875) begleiteten Richard und sein Bruder Boso ihren Schwager, König Karl den Kahlen, nach Italien, der sich dort in Rom von Papst Johannes VIII. zum Kaiser krönen ließ. Durch die Ernennung Bosos zum Dux und Missus Regius in Italien gelangten die Buviniden in eine führende Position, vor allem im burgundischen Raum. Um 877 übernahm Richard zusammen mit dem Welfen Hugo Abbas von seinem Bruder das Amt des Missus in Italien, nachdem dieser von dort abberufen worden war.
Richard selbst erscheint erstmals 876 als Graf, vermutlich in Sens. 879 nutzte Boso den Tod König Ludwigs des Stammlers, um sich in Niederburgund (Cisjuranien) und in der Provence zum König zu erheben. Richard trug diesen Schritt nicht mit und blieb loyal zu den karolingischen Königen Ludwig III. und Karlmann, was ihm 880 mit der Belehnung der Grafschaft Autun und der Investitur als Laienabt von Saint-Symphorien belohnt wurde. Im selben Jahr führte er im Verbund mit den Königen Ludwig III., Karlmann und Karl dem Dicken einen Feldzug gegen seinen eigenen Bruder, den er in der Nähe der Saône schlug und Mâcon sowie Lyon einnahm. Eine erste Belagerung von Vienne im August 880 schlug fehl. Nach einem zweiten Anlauf im September 882 gelang Richard zusammen mit König Karlmann schließlich die Einnahme der Stadt. Boso konnte fliehen, aber dessen Ehefrau und Kinder gerieten in Gefangenschaft und wurden der Obhut Richards in Autun unterstellt.
Nach Bosos Tod (887) förderte Richard seine Schwägerin Ermengarde als Regentin in Niederburgund und überführte seinen Neffen, Ludwig den Blinden, an den Hof Kaiser Karls des Dicken, der den Jungen adoptierte. Herzog von Burgund [Bearbeiten]
Nach dem Tod König Karlmanns (884) unterstützte Richard den ostfränkischen Karolinger Karl den Dicken als neuen König im westfränkischen Regnum. Damit geriet er in Rivalität zu der Familie der Robertiner um den Grafen Odo von Paris, der nach der Absetzung Karls des Dicken 887 zum König gewählt wurde. Richard aber unterstützte zusammen mit Wilhelm dem Frommen, Ramnulf II. von Poitou und Erzbischof Fulko von Reims den unmündigen Karl den Einfältigen und bemächtigte sich in den folgenden Jahren Tonnerre und Nevers, während die Grafen von Dijon und Chalon-sur-Saône ihn als ihren Oberherren anerkannten. Nach diesen Erfolgen sah sich König Odo im Mai 892 bei einem Treffen in Chalon-sur-Saône gezwungen, Richard in seinem zusammengefügten Herrschaftsgebiet anzuerkennen, der im Gegenzug eine neutralere Haltung zwischen Karolingern und Robertinern einnahm. Danach begann Richard seine Herrschaft in seinem Gebiet zu konsolidieren. 894 eroberte er Langres und ließ den robertinischen Bischof der Stadt blenden. Im folgenden Jahr nahm er Sens und Troyes ein und sperrte dessen Erzbischof, der die Königsweihe von Odo durchgeführt hatte, in einen Kerker. Weiterhin ernannte er sich zum Laienabt der Abteien Sainte-Colombe in Sens und Saint-Germain in Auxerre.
Während dieses Konflikts war Richard zugleich mit dem Abwehrkampf gegen die Normannen beschäftigt. Diese waren 888 in Burgund eingefallen und hatten Bèze geplündert. Richard nahm ihre Verfolgung auf und schlug sie bei Saint-Florentin. Im selben Jahr hatte sich Richards Schwager, der transjuranische Dux Rudolf, in seinem Herrschaftsbereich zum König erheben lassen und so das Königreich Hochburgund begründet.
Nach dem Tod König Odos (898) wurde Karl der Einfältige allgemein anerkannt, der wiederum Richard als Markgraf (marchio) anerkannte, was ihn als ersten Fürsten des im westfränkischen Regnum verbliebenen Burgund auswies. Danach war Richard weiterhin gegen die Normannen engagiert. Diese hatten noch 898 Tonnerre und Montbard überfallen, worauf Richard sie bei Argenteuil-sur-Armançon überraschte und besiegte. 911 griffen die Normannen unter Rollo Auxerre an. Richard verbündete sich mit dem Markgrafen Robert von Neustrien, dem Grafen Ebalus Mancer von Poitou und dem Bischof Géran von Auxerre und errang im Juli 911 bei Chartres einen vernichtenden Sieg über die Normannen, was zum Vertrag von Saint-Clair-sur-Epte führte.
Seit dem Jahr 918 wurde Richard als „Graf und Herzog von Burgund“ (comes et dux Burgundiae) betitelt. Er starb im August/September 921 und wurde in der Abtei Sainte-Colombe in Sens bestattet. Der aquitanische Herzog Wilhelm der Fromme hatte 910 im burgundischen Cluny die berühmte Benediktinerabtei gegründet. Nachkommen [Bearbeiten]
Die Kinder von Richard und Adelheid waren:
* Rudolf (Raoul; † 15. Januar 936), Herzog von Burgund und 923 König von Frankreich
* Ermengarde, 8 Giselbert († 956), Herzog von Burgund
* Richilde (Richeut; 948/955 bezeugt), 8 Liétaud II., Graf von Mâcon († 7. September 965)
* Hugo der Schwarze (Hugues le Noir; † 17. Dezember 952), 936 Graf und Markgraf von Provence, Herzog von Burgund
* Boso I. († 935 nach 13. September), Graf von Provence
Weblink [Bearbeiten]
* Materialsammlung
Vorgänger Amt Nachfolger --- Herzog von Burgund 918–921 Rudolf Normdaten: PND: 137975597 (PICA) | WP-Personeninfo Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 21. September 2010 um 13:10 Uhr geändert.
Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne (d. 921)
http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BURGUNDY.htm
RICHARD, son of comte BUVINUS [Bouvin] & his wife --- d'Arles (-[31 Aug or 1 or 29 Sep] 921, bur Abbaye de Sainte-Colombe de Sens, Yonne).
The Annales Bertiniani name "Richardus frater Bosonis" when recording that, after the capture of Vienne by the forces of King Carloman, he took “uxorem Bosonis et filiam eius” back to “comitatum suum Augustudensem” in 882[4]. Gingins-la-Sarra suggests that Richard was the uterine brother of King Boson, their mother having married secondly Theoderic [VI] “le Trésorier” Comte d´Autun (see CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY)[5]. He refers to the testament dated to [Jan 876] of Ekkehard Comte d´Autun, possibly the brother of Theoderic [VI], which names "…Theoderico et Richardo filio eius…" among the beneficiaries[6]. He identifies “Richardo” with the future duke of Burgundy, although there seems to be no basis for assuming that this co-identity is correct other than the name. The name Richard is well-established in the Bosonid family, which does not appear to be the case in the Theoderic/Nibelung family to which Theoderic [VI] belonged, where it was probably recently introduced through Theoderic´s wife (Settipani suggests that she was the sister of King Boson´s father[7]). In addition, Richard Duke of Burgundy named one of his sons Boson, although this is not conclusive for establishing his paternity as the name also appears in Duke Richard´s maternal line. On the other hand, none of the typical names of the Theoderic/Nibelung family appear among the descendants of Duke Richard. In any case, the chronologically does not appear favourable. Richard is named as count in 876 (see below). If he had been King Boson´s uterine brother, he could not have been more than ten years old at the time, which is incompatible with his bearing the comital title. Gingins-la-Sarra´s hypothesis cannot be dismissed entirely. However, it is a convoluted interpretation of the otherwise simple statement in the Annales Bertiniani that Richard was King Boson´s brother.
Unless further information comes to light in other sources, it is suggested that the simple explanation is the best. An agreement dated Feb 876 of Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks names "Bosonis…ducis et sacri palatii archiministri atque imperiali missi, Richardi comitis…" as present in Italy with the king, although it fails to specify the family relationship between them[8]. "Richardus comes" is named as present in a charter dated 4 Sep 876 under which Emperor Charles II "le Chauve" granted property "villam…Piredus in pago Senonico"[9]. He presumably assumed the role of his brother Boson as missus in Italy in early 877, when the latter was recalled by Emperor Charles II. "Richardi comitis, Teutbaldi comitis, Bernardi comitis" subscribed the charter dated 25 Jul 879 under which "Boso…et coniunx mea Hirmingardi proles imperiales" donated property "in pago Laticense…in villa Lantinus" to the abbey of Montiérender[10]. Comte d'Autun. At first sight, this might appear to provide the missing connection with Theoderic [VI], who was also Comte d´Autun. However, it is recorded that King Boson disputed Theoderic´s right to the county, in which case it is unlikely that he would have awarded it to Theoderic´s son. Richard established himself in the future duchy of Burgundy, north of his brother's realm, with his capital at Autun. “Carlomannus…Rex” restored property “villam Taniacum” to the church of Autun, at the request of “Richardi Comiti Augustodensis”, by charter dated 1 Dec 880, the text ending with “Theodoricus Comes ambasciavit”[11]. He was invested as lay abbot of Saint-Symphorien by Carloman King of the East Franks in 880. He succeeded his wife's uncle Hugues l'Abbé as Comte d'Auxerre in 886. He led the Carolingian army which besieged his brother King Boso at Vienne in 882. The counties in Burgundy, except Mâcon, submitted to him.
He was later known as RICHARD "le Justicier" Duke of Burgundy, although it is unlikely that he was considered at the time as founder of a unified duchy of Burgundy as such, rather as the suzerain of various counties who held the title "duke". "Richardo marchione…eius filiis Rodulpho, Hugone atque Bosone…comitibus" were present at the restitution of property at "Tiliniaco et Canavis" by charter dated 5 Sep 901[12].
The death of "Richardus marchio de Burgundia" is recorded by Flodoard in 921[13]. The Annales S. Benigni Divisionensis record the death "II Kal Sep 921" of "Ricardus comes"[14]. The Historia Francorum Senonensis records the death "Kal Sep" of "Richardus dux Burgundiæ", and his burial "in basilica sanctæ Columbæ"[15]. The sacrementaire of Sens cathedral records the death "III Kal Oct" of "Ricardi comitis"[16]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 1 Sep of "Richardus comes"[17].
m ([887/88]%29 ADELAIS, daughter of CONRAD Marquis of Transjurania [Welf] & his wife Waldrada --- (-after 14 Jul 929). "Adeleth…comitissa" donated property "villam Poligniacum in comitatu Warasco" to Autun naming "filii mei Hugonis comitis" by charter dated 24 Apr 922, subscribed by "Hugo comes, Rodulphus comes, Boso comes" and witnessed by "Wallonis comitis…"[18]. Her origin is deduced by her being named as sister of "Rodulfi regis" (Rudolf I King of Burgundy) in the latter's 10 Jun 888 charter[19], as well as in her own 14 Jan 929 grant to Cluny, the 929 charter also naming "Richardi principis domni mei"[20]. After her husband died, she retired to a monastery. She transferred the monastery of Roman-Moutier to the monastery of Cluny by charter dated 14 Jul 929[21].
[Mistress (1): ---. As mentioned below, it is likely that Duke Richard's son Gebuin was illegitimate. If this is correct, the name of his mistress is not known.]
Duke Richard & his wife had [four] children:
1. RODOLFE [Raoul] (-Auxerre, Yonne 15/16 Jan 936, bur église de l'abbaye de Sainte-Colombe de Sens). Flodoard names "Rodulfo filio Richardi"[22]. He is named "Rodulfo rex filio meo" in the grant of "Adeleydis comitissa soror Rodulfi" to Cluny dated 14 Jun 929[23]. Rodulfus Glaber names "Rodulfus, Richardi ducis Burgundiæ filius"[24]. He succeeded his father in 921 as RAOUL Duke of Burgundy. He was elected as RAOUL King of France in 923 to succeed his father-in-law. The Historia Francorum Senonensis records the death "XVIII Kal Feb" of "Rodulfo rege", specifying his burial "in basilica aanctæ Columbæ"[25]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 14 Jan of "Rodulphus rex"[26]. m ([911/19]%29 EMMA, daughter of ROBERT "le Fort" Marquis en Neustrie, Comte de Paris [later Robert I King of France] & his [first/second wife ---] (-2 Nov 934). Flodoard names "Emma regis Rotberti filia" when recording that she obliged Seulf Archbishop of Reims to consecrate her queen at Reims in 923 in the absence of her husband fighting[27]. Rodulfus Glaber names "Emmam…sororem…magni Hugonis" as wife of "Rodulfus, Richardi ducis Burgundiæ filius", suggesting that she was instrumental in persuading her brother to support her husband's accession as king[28]. "Emme nostri imperii consortis" and "Emma coniux mea" is named in the charters of "Rodolfus Francorum rex" dated 21 Jun 931 and 1 Jul 931[29]. Flodoard records the death of "Emma regina" at the end of his passage dated 934[30]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death "IV Non Nov" of "domna Emma regina"[31].
2. [ERMENGARD. Ermengardis, wife of Giselbert, has been accepted as the daughter of Duke Richard since Du Chesne in 1625[35]. More recently this affiliation has been challenged, in particular because she is not mentioned in her mother's will[36]. In addition, if it is correct that Giselbert's mother was the daughter of King Boson (see BURGUNDIAN NOBILITY), she would have been her husband's first cousin. m GISELBERT, son of MANASSES Comte de Vergy & his wife --- (-956). He became GISELBERT Duke of Burgundy, after Raoul and Hugues "le Noir" ceded him their rights to Burgundy in [936]. After his death, Lothaire King of France took direct control of his part of Burgundy[37].]
3. HUGUES "le Noir" (-17 Dec 952, bur Besançon). Flodoard names "Hugo filius Richardi"[38]. Comte in the area outre-Saône, the future Franche-Comté, before 914. "Hugo inclitus comes et marchio, nosterque fidelis et propinquus" is named in the charter of Emperor Louis III [de Provence] (his first cousin) dated 920[39]. "Ugonem comte palatio filius Ricardi" is named in a charter dated 18 Jan 926 in which Bertagia challenges an inheritance[40]. He is named "Huguone aliis quoque filiis meis" in the grant by "Adeleydis comitissa soror Rodulfi" to Cluny dated 14 Jun 929, listed before Boson[41]. Comte de Mâcon from 931. "Hugonis frater meus" is named by "Rodulfus Francorum rex" in the latter's 1 Jul 931 charter[42]. Comte et Marquis de Provence 936. After the death of his brother King Raoul 936, he and Hugues "le Blanc/le Grand" Capet, and his brother-in-law Giselbert, divided Burgundy between them. He was seen by Hugues "le Grand" Capet as a potentially too powerful candidate for the French throne after his brother's death in 936, prompting Hugues to recall the future King Louis IV "d'Outremer" from England, whom Hugues "le Noir" refused to recognise as king until 938[43]. He is named "nostri principes…alter Hugo dux scilicet Burgundionum" in a charter of "Ludovicus rex" dated 1 Jul 946[44]. The Chronicon Floriacensi records the death in 952 of "Ugo Dux Burgundionum et Alanus Brittonum"[45].
4. BOSON (-Sep 935, bur Reims, église de l'abbaye de Saint-Rémi). Flodoard names "Boso filius Richardi"[46]. He is named "Bosone aliis quoque filiis meis" in the grant of "Adeleydis comitissa soror Rodulfi" to Cluny dated 14 Jun 929, listed after Hugues[47]. Comte in Upper Burgundy, lay abbot of Moyenmoutiers. He was killed at the siege of Saint-Quentin, Aisne against Hugues "le Grand"[48]. m ([928]%29 as her first husband, BERTA d'Arles, daughter of BOSO Comte d'Arles, later Marchese of Tuscany, & his wife Willa --- (-after 18 Aug 965). "Bertam, Willam, Richildam et Gislam" are named (in order) as the four daughters of Boso and Willa by Liutprand[49], who in a later passage names Berta as "Bosonis Arelatensis comitis viduæ" and mentions her marriage soon after the death of her first husband to Raymond, by virtue of which she was deemed guilty of incest[50]. She married secondly ([936]) Raymond Comte de Rouergue Marquis de Septimanie, who became Duke of Aquitaine in 936.
Duke Richard had one child [probably illegitimate] by [Mistress (1)]:
5. GEBUIN . "Giboinus germanus suus", apparently referring to Hugues "le Noir", is named in a charter dated 18 Jan 926[51]. It is likely that he was illegitimate as he is mentioned in none of the sources which list the other brothers of Hugues. same person as …? GEBUIN . There is no direct proof of co-identity of the two persons named Gebuin, but the chronology is favourable and the unusual name indicates that this is probably correct. See COMTES de DIJON, COMTES d'ATUYER. ------------------------------------------ Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
Rudolph, successor and later King of France Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy Willa, married firstly Hugh, Count of Vienne, and secondly Boso, Count of Arles Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon -------------------- Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne M, #105194 Last Edited=10 Apr 2003
Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne gained the title of Duc de Bourgogne. Child of Richard 'the Justicer' d'Autun, Duc de Bourgogne and Adelaide d'Auxerre -1. Rudolf de Bourgogne, Roi de France d. 936
Forrás / Source: http://www.thepeerage.com/p10520.htm#i105194 -------------------- Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” -------------------- Richard, Duke of Burgundy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region. Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald. In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici. In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence. After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890. Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed] “ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” [edit]Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters: Rudolph, successor and later King of France Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy Willa, married firstly Hugh, Count of Vienne, and secondly Boso, Count of Arles Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon [edit]Sources
Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
Rudolph, successor and later King of France Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon Sources
Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431. -------------------- Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed] “ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” [edit] Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
- Rudolph, successor and later King of France * Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy * Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy * Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut * Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon [edit] Sources
- Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ” -------------------- Occupation: Duke of Burgundy -------------------- Richard the Justiciar -------------------- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard,_Duke_of_Burgundy
Richard, Duke of Burgundy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Map of the three parts in the old Kingdom of Burgundy, ca 900. Upper Burgundy Lower Burgundy Duchy of Burgundy of Richard the Justiciar
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
[edit] Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
- Rudolph, successor and later King of France
- Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
- Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
- Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
- Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon [edit] Sources
- Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431. [edit] See also
- Dukes of Burgundy family tree Preceded by
none Duke of Burgundy Succeeded by
Rudolph
This page was last modified on 27 April 2010 at 21:43. -------------------- Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
- Rudolph, successor and later King of France
- Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
- Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
- Willa, married firstly Hugh, Count of Vienne, and secondly Boso, Count of Arles
- Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
- Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon Sources
- Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431.
Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard,_Duke_of_Burgundy
Richard, Duke of Burgundy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Map of the three parts in the old Kingdom of Burgundy, ca 900. Upper Burgundy Lower Burgundy Duchy of Burgundy of Richard the Justiciar
Richard the Justiciar (died 921) was Count of Autun from 880 and the first Margrave and Duke of Burgundy. He eventually attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon and by 890 he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918 he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian dukedom than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Richard was a Bosonid, the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis. His elder brother was Boso of Provence and his younger sister was Richildis, second wife of Charles the Bald.
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II, Richard and Boso accompanied Charles to Italy for his imperial coronation. In February 876, in Pavia, while preparing for his return journey, Charles nominated Boso "Duke and Viceroy of Italy and Duke of Provence." In 877, on Charles' death, Boso returned to France and confided the realm of Italy and the duchy of Provence to Richard and Hugh the Abbot as missi dominici.
In 879, Boso declared himself "King of Provence" following the death of Louis the Stammerer, but Richard defected from Boso and took Boso's county of Autun, which Carloman II confirmed to him in 880. The two joined battle on the Saône and Richard captured Mâcon and garrisoned it in the name of Carloman and Louis III under the command of Bernard Plantapilosa, a relative of the hereditary Counts of Mâcon. After taking Lyon, he besieged his brother's capital of Vienne, where he was joined by Louis, Carloman, and the emperor Charles the Fat. Richard eventually drove Boso out in 882 and captured his wife Ermengard and children Engelberga and Louis, sending them as prisoners to Autun. Boso went into hiding in Provence.
After the death of Charles the Fat in 888, Richard supported the claim of Duke Rudolph to be King of Upper Burgundy and married his sister Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of Auxerre. Richard also supported the coronation of his nephew Louis as King of Provence in 890.
Richard died and was buried at Sens. He was exhorted by a bishop at his deathbed to beg a pardon for shedding so much blood in his life. He responded:[citation needed]
“ When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil. ”
[edit] Family
By his wife Adelaide (married 888), daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, and Ermentrude of Alsace, he had several sons and daughters:
- Rudolph, successor and later King of France
- Hugh the Black, later Duke of Burgundy
- Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
- Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
- Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Mâcon [edit] Sources
- Bouchard, Constance B. "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age." French Historical Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Spring, 1988), pp 407–431. [edit] See also
- Dukes of Burgundy family tree Preceded by
none Duke of Burgundy Succeeded by
Rudolph
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_der_Gerichtsherr
Richard der Gerichtsherr aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie Dies ist eine gesichtete Version dieser SeiteDetails zeigen/verstecken Dies ist die gesichtete Version, die am 21. September 2010 markiert wurde. Es gibt 1 ausstehende Änderung, die noch gesichtet werden muss. Wechseln zu: Navigation, Suche
Richard der Gerichtsherr (lateinisch: Richardus Justitiarius, französisch: Richard le Justicier; * 858; † 921 in Auxerre) war ein fränkischer Adliger aus der Familie der Buviniden. Während des späten 9. Jahrhunderts fasste er die westlich der Saône gelegenen Gebiete des alten Burgund unter seiner Herrschaft zusammen und gilt damit als Begründer des mittelalterlichen Herzogtums Burgund, der heutigen französischen Region Bourgogne. Inhaltsverzeichnis [Anzeigen]
- 1 Leben o 1.1 Herkunft o 1.2 Bruderkampf o 1.3 Herzog von Burgund * 2 Nachkommen * 3 Weblink Leben [Bearbeiten] Herkunft [Bearbeiten] Burgund seit dem ausgehenden 9. Jahrhundert Königreich Niederburgund (orange; Boso von Vienne) Königreich Hochburgund (grün; Rudolf I.) Herzogtum Burgund (braun; Richard der Gerichtsherr)
Richard war der Sohn des Buvinus, Graf von Metz und Laienabt von Gorze, und dessen Ehefrau Richilde von Arles. Sein Bruder war Boso von Vienne und seine Schwester Richildis war die Ehefrau des westfränkischen Königs und späteren Kaisers Karl dem Kahlen. Über seine Tante mütterlicherseits war Richard zudem ein Neffe des Königs Lothar II..
Richard war seit ca. 887/888 verheiratet mit Adelheid, einer Schwester des tranjuranischen Dux und späteren Königs Rudolf I. aus der Familie der Welfen. Seine Frau brachte ihm die Grafschaft Auxerre als Mitgift in die Ehe ein. Bruderkampf [Bearbeiten]
Nachdem Tod des Kaisers Ludwig II. (875) begleiteten Richard und sein Bruder Boso ihren Schwager, König Karl den Kahlen, nach Italien, der sich dort in Rom von Papst Johannes VIII. zum Kaiser krönen ließ. Durch die Ernennung Bosos zum Dux und Missus Regius in Italien gelangten die Buviniden in eine führende Position, vor allem im burgundischen Raum. Um 877 übernahm Richard zusammen mit dem Welfen Hugo Abbas von seinem Bruder das Amt des Missus in Italien, nachdem dieser von dort abberufen worden war.
Richard selbst erscheint erstmals 876 als Graf, vermutlich in Sens. 879 nutzte Boso den Tod König Ludwigs des Stammlers, um sich in Niederburgund (Cisjuranien) und in der Provence zum König zu erheben. Richard trug diesen Schritt nicht mit und blieb loyal zu den karolingischen Königen Ludwig III. und Karlmann, was ihm 880 mit der Belehnung der Grafschaft Autun und der Investitur als Laienabt von Saint-Symphorien belohnt wurde. Im selben Jahr führte er im Verbund mit den Königen Ludwig III., Karlmann und Karl dem Dicken einen Feldzug gegen seinen eigenen Bruder, den er in der Nähe der Saône schlug und Mâcon sowie Lyon einnahm. Eine erste Belagerung von Vienne im August 880 schlug fehl. Nach einem zweiten Anlauf im September 882 gelang Richard zusammen mit König Karlmann schließlich die Einnahme der Stadt. Boso konnte fliehen, aber dessen Ehefrau und Kinder gerieten in Gefangenschaft und wurden der Obhut Richards in Autun unterstellt.
Nach Bosos Tod (887) förderte Richard seine Schwägerin Ermengarde als Regentin in Niederburgund und überführte seinen Neffen, Ludwig den Blinden, an den Hof Kaiser Karls des Dicken, der den Jungen adoptierte. Herzog von Burgund [Bearbeiten]
Nach dem Tod König Karlmanns (884) unterstützte Richard den ostfränkischen Karolinger Karl den Dicken als neuen König im westfränkischen Regnum. Damit geriet er in Rivalität zu der Familie der Robertiner um den Grafen Odo von Paris, der nach der Absetzung Karls des Dicken 887 zum König gewählt wurde. Richard aber unterstützte zusammen mit Wilhelm dem Frommen, Ramnulf II. von Poitou und Erzbischof Fulko von Reims den unmündigen Karl den Einfältigen und bemächtigte sich in den folgenden Jahren Tonnerre und Nevers, während die Grafen von Dijon und Chalon-sur-Saône ihn als ihren Oberherren anerkannten. Nach diesen Erfolgen sah sich König Odo im Mai 892 bei einem Treffen in Chalon-sur-Saône gezwungen, Richard in seinem zusammengefügten Herrschaftsgebiet anzuerkennen, der im Gegenzug eine neutralere Haltung zwischen Karolingern und Robertinern einnahm. Danach begann Richard seine Herrschaft in seinem Gebiet zu konsolidieren. 894 eroberte er Langres und ließ den robertinischen Bischof der Stadt blenden. Im folgenden Jahr nahm er Sens und Troyes ein und sperrte dessen Erzbischof, der die Königsweihe von Odo durchgeführt hatte, in einen Kerker. Weiterhin ernannte er sich zum Laienabt der Abteien Sainte-Colombe in Sens und Saint-Germain in Auxerre.
Während dieses Konflikts war Richard zugleich mit dem Abwehrkampf gegen die Normannen beschäftigt. Diese waren 888 in Burgund eingefallen und hatten Bèze geplündert. Richard nahm ihre Verfolgung auf und schlug sie bei Saint-Florentin. Im selben Jahr hatte sich Richards Schwager, der transjuranische Dux Rudolf, in seinem Herrschaftsbereich zum König erheben lassen und so das Königreich Hochburgund begründet.
Nach dem Tod König Odos (898) wurde Karl der Einfältige allgemein anerkannt, der wiederum Richard als Markgraf (marchio) anerkannte, was ihn als ersten Fürsten des im westfränkischen Regnum verbliebenen Burgund auswies. Danach war Richard weiterhin gegen die Normannen engagiert. Diese hatten noch 898 Tonnerre und Montbard überfallen, worauf Richard sie bei Argenteuil-sur-Armançon überraschte und besiegte. 911 griffen die Normannen unter Rollo Auxerre an. Richard verbündete sich mit dem Markgrafen Robert von Neustrien, dem Grafen Ebalus Mancer von Poitou und dem Bischof Géran von Auxerre und errang im Juli 911 bei Chartres einen vernichtenden Sieg über die Normannen, was zum Vertrag von Saint-Clair-sur-Epte führte.
Seit dem Jahr 918 wurde Richard als „Graf und Herzog von Burgund“ (comes et dux Burgundiae) betitelt. Er starb im August/September 921 und wurde in der Abtei Sainte-Colombe in Sens bestattet. Der aquitanische Herzog Wilhelm der Fromme hatte 910 im burgundischen Cluny die berühmte Benediktinerabtei gegründet. Nachkommen [Bearbeiten]
Die Kinder von Richard und Adelheid waren:
- Rudolf (Raoul; † 15. Januar 936), Herzog von Burgund und 923 König von Frankreich * Ermengarde, 8 Giselbert († 956), Herzog von Burgund * Richilde (Richeut; 948/955 bezeugt), 8 Liétaud II., Graf von Mâcon († 7. September 965) * Hugo der Schwarze (Hugues le Noir; † 17. Dezember 952), 936 Graf und Markgraf von Provence, Herzog von Burgund * Boso I. († 935 nach 13. September), Graf von Provence Weblink [Bearbeiten]
- Materialsammlung Vorgänger Amt Nachfolger --- Herzog von Burgund 918–921 Rudolf Normdaten: PND: 137975597 (PICA) | WP-Personeninfo Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 21. September 2010 um 13:10 Uhr geändert.
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Info from Findagrave.com: Birth: 858, France Death: 921, France
Richard the Justiciar, Count of Autun, Margrave and Duke of Burgundy
Son of Bivin or Budwine, Count of Italy, Lay Abbot of Gorze and Richildis of Arles, grandson of Richard Count of Amiens and Meaux and Boson III, the Elder, a line called the Bosonids. His siblings included Boso of Provence and King of Lower Burgundy and Richildis, the wife of Charles the Bald, the Holy Roman Emperor.
Richard married Adelaide, the daughter of Conrad II, Count of Auxerre, Waldrada of Worms and Judith, daughter of Eberhard of Friuli. They had the following children:
- Rudolph, his father's successor and King of Francia
- Hught the Black, Duke of Burgundy
- Boso
- Ermengard, married Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy
- Adelaide, married Reginar II, Count of Hainaut
- Richilda, married Litaud I, Count of Macon
Both brothers accompanied Charles to his imperial coronation in Pavia in February of 876, during which Charles promoted Boso to Duke and Viceroy of Italy. Charles would die in 877, Boso returned to France, entrusting Italy and Provence to Richard as Hugh the Abbot. Louis the Stammer, King of the West Franks died in 879, Boso claimed himself King of Provence, and Richard struck out on his own, taking Boso's Autun, starting the war between the brothers that ended only when Charles and Fat, in cahoots with Richard, captured Boso' wife, Ermengard, and her children, keeping them prisoners at Autun while Boso hid in Provence. Other reports indicate Ermengard took shelter with Richard in fear from Charles, Carloman and Louis III.
At his death bed, Richard was encouraged to plea for a pardon for the blood he shed, to which he responded,"When I have died a brigand, I have saved the life of honest men, the death of one helping prevent his accomplices from making more evil."
Family links:
Spouse:
Adelaide de Bourgogne*
Children:
Ermengarde de Bourgogne*
*Calculated relationship
Burial: Saint-Étienne Cathedral Sens Departement de l'Yonne Bourgogne, France
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Maintained by: Anne Shurtleff Stevens Originally Created by: Jerry Ferren Record added: Dec 03, 2010 Find A Grave Memorial# 62475819
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Richard II, duke of Burgundy's Timeline
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867
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Bourgogne, France
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| 889 |
889
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Burgundy, France
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| 890 |
890
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France
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| 892 |
892
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France
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| 893 |
893
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Dijon, Cote D'or, Bourgogne, France
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| 894 |
894
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Bourgogne, France
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| 895 |
895
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| 915 |
915
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Auxerre, Yonne, Bourgogne, France
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| 921 |
September 1, 921
Age 54
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Auxerre, Yonne, Bourgogne, France
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