Historical records matching Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev
view all
Immediate Family
-
-
Privatechild -
father -
-
brother
About Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev - Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв was a former Soviet statesman. He was the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991 when the party was dissolved. He served as the country's head of state from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991 (titled as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990, and as President of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991). He was the only general secretary in the history of the Soviet Union to have been born after the October Revolution.
Gorbachev was born in Stavropol Krai into a peasant Ukrainian–Russian family, and in his teens operated combine harvesters on collective farms. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1955 with a degree in law. While he was at the university, he joined the Communist Party, and soon became very active within it. In 1970, he was appointed the First Party Secretary of the Stavropol Regional Committee, First Secretary to the Supreme Soviet in 1974, and appointed a member of the Politburo in 1979. Within three years of the death of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev, following the brief "interregna" of Andropov and Chernenko, Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo in 1985. Before he reached the post, he had occasionally been mentioned in Western newspapers as a likely next leader and a man of the younger generation at the top level.
Gorbachev's policies of glasnost ("openness") and perestroika ("restructuring") and his reorientation of Soviet strategic aims contributed to the end of the Cold War. He removed the constitutional role of the Communist Party in governing the state, and inadvertently led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Otto Hahn Peace Medal in 1989, the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990 and the Harvey Prize in 1992, as well as honorary doctorates from various universities.
In September 2008, Gorbachev and business oligarch Alexander Lebedev announced they would form the Independent Democratic Party of Russia, and in May 2009 Gorbachev announced that the launch was imminent. This was Gorbachev's third attempt to establish a political party, having started the Social Democratic Party of Russia in 2001 and the Union of Social Democrats in 2007.
О Михаиле Сергеевиче Горбачёве (русский)
Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв (2 марта 1931[3][4][5][%E2%80%A6], Привольное, Северо-Кавказский край, РСФСР, СССР — 30 августа 2022[6], Москва)[7]) — советский и российский государственный, политический, партийный и общественный деятель.
Последний Генеральный секретарь ЦК КПСС (1985—1991). Последний Председатель Президиума Верховного Совета СССР (1988—1989), затем первый председатель Верховного Совета СССР (1989—1990). Единственный в истории президент СССР (1990—1991)[8].
Основатель Горбачёв-Фонда. С 1993 года соучредитель ЗАО «Новая ежедневная газета» (см. «Новая газета») и член редакционного совета. Владеет 10 % акций издания.
Имел значительный ряд наград и почётных званий. Наиболее известная награда — Нобелевская премия мира 1990 года.
В период деятельности Горбачёва в должности главы государства и руководителя КПСС в Советском Союзе произошли серьёзнейшие изменения, повлиявшие на весь мир и ставшие следствием следующих исторических событий: масштабная попытка реформирования советской системы («Перестройка»). Введение в СССР политики гласности, свободы слова и печати, демократических выборов, реформирования социалистической экономики в направлении рыночной модели хозяйствования (концепция экономических реформ 1987 года предполагала вхождение в рыночные отношения в отдалённом будущем), которая привела к глубокому экономическому кризису[9]; окончание Холодной войны; вывод советских войск из Афганистана (1989); распад СССР и Варшавского блока.
Ко моменту смерти являлся самым долгоживущим правителем России в истории, обойдя Александра Керенского[10][11] и номинального руководителя СССР Василия Кузнецова (по 89 лет).
view all
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev's Timeline
| 1931 |
March 2, 1931
|
Privolnoye, North Caucasus Krai, USSR
|
|
| 2022 |
August 30, 2022
Age 91
|
Moscow, Russian Federation
|
|
|
September 3, 2022
Age 91
|
Novodevichy Cemetery, VIII, 27, Moscow, Russian Federation
|