Marwân I bin al-Hakam al-Qurayshi

• 4th Umayyad Caliph
• Reign: 684 – 685 AD

Source 1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marwan_I

Source 2: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marwan_ibn_al-Hakam

Source 3: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marwan_I.

Marwan ibn al-Hakam (623–685) (Arabic: مروان بن الحكم‎) was the fourth Umayyad Caliph, who took over the dynasty after Muawiya II abdicated in 684. Marwan's ascension pointed to a shift in the lineage of the Umayyad dynasty from descendants of Abu Sufyan to those of Hakam, both of whom were grandsons of Umayya (for whom the Umayyad dynasty is named). Hakam was a first cousin of Uthman ibn Affan.

During the "Battle of the Camel" Marwan ibn al-Hakam is said to have shot his general Talhah with an arrow to the thigh, resulting in his death. Marwan killed Talha in revenge for Talha's alleged betrayal of the third Caliph Uthman.

He was removed from this position by Ali, only to be reappointed by Muawiya I. Marwan was eventually removed from the city when Abdullah ibn Zubayr rebelled against Yazid I. From here, Marwan went to Damascus, where he was made the caliph after Muawiya II abdicated.

Marwan's short reign was marked by a civil war among the Umayyads as well as a war against Abdullah ibn Zubayr who continued to rule over the Hejaz, Iraq, Egypt and parts of Syria. Marwan was able to win the Umayyad civil war, the result of which was a new Marwanid line of Umayyad caliphs. He was also able to recapture Egypt and Syria from Abdullah, but was not able to completely defeat him. Shi'a hold that none of the Umayyad caliphs were legitimate. See Succession to Muhammad for more details.

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Marwân I ibn al-Hakam al-Qurayshi, 4th Umayyad Caliph1,2

b. 623, d. 685

Father al-Hakim ibn Abûl 'Âs1,3,4 b. circa 599

Mother Amina bint Alkama al-Kinaniyya1,3 b. circa 604

    Of the Umayyad. Marwân I ibn al-Hakam al-Qurayshi, 4th Umayyad Caliph was named in full: Marwan bin Al-Hakam bin Abi Al-`As bin Umaiyah.5 Also called Abu `l-Kasim = Father of 'l-Kasim.1 Also called Abu `Abd al-Malik = Father of 'Abd al-Malik. He was born in 623.5,6 He was the son of al-Hakim ibn Abûl 'Âs and Amina bint `Alkama al-Kinaniyya.1,3,4 Marwân I ibn al-Hakam al-Qurayshi, 4th Umayyad Caliph married 'A'isha bint Mu`awiya ben al-Mughira, daughter of Mu`awiya ben al-Mughira, before 646.1 Marwân I ibn al-Hakam al-Qurayshi, 4th Umayyad Caliph was a loyal follower of the Caliph 'Uthman bin 'Affan.5 'A'isha, the widow of the Prophet Muhammed, rebelled against the Caliphs. Her resistance ended with her defeat in this battle. In 658 at the Battle of the Camel, Basra (now Az-Zubayr), southeastern Iraq.7 He a participant in 658 at the Battle of the Camel, Basra (now Az-Zubayr), southeastern Iraq.5 He married Aisha bint 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, daughter of 'Uthman ibn 'Affan al-Qurayshi, 3rd Rightly Guided Caliph of Islam and Ruqaiyah bint Muhammad Banu Hâshim, before 659; 1st cousins, 1x removed. Marwân I ibn al-Hakam al-Qurayshi, 4th Umayyad Caliph was the fourth Umayyad caliph, and forefather of the Marwanids in 683.5 4th Umayyad Caliph at Damascus, Syria, between 683 and 685.5 He was an old man in poor health when he ascended the throne himself in 684.6 He was established the standards for weights and measurements.5 He died in 685 at Damascus, Syria, at age 62 years. He died of plague.1,2,5,6 He was able to arrange the succession of his son, 'Abd al-Malik, by eliminating all other contenders for the caliphate.6

Family 1

'A'isha bint Muawiya ben al-Mughira b. circa 630

Child

'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwân, 5th Umayyad Caliph+ b. c 646, d. Oct 7051,8

Family 2

Children

'Abd al-'Azîz ibn Marwân, Governor of Egypt+ b. c 650, d. May 7059,4

Muhammad ibn Marwân Banu 'Abd Shams+ b. c 6559

Family 3

Aisha bint 'Uthman ibn 'Affan b. circa 617

Child

N. N. bint Marwân ibn al-Hakam+ b. c 659

Citations

[S187] Royal Genealogy Database, online http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/

[S278] DfAdam, online unknown url, The Line of Ishmael, 82.

[S976] Francisco Antonio Doria (e-mail address), Banu-Qasi conjectured line in "Re: Banu-Qasi conjectured line," newsgroup message 2001-06-12 06:42:26 PST.

[S1411] Stanley Lane-Pool, The Mohammadan Dynasties, pg. 11.

[S469] Al-Islam.com, online http://www.al-islam.com/

[S172] Various Encyclopaedea Britannica.

[S862] Various EB CD 2001, Zubayr, Az- (Iraq) .

[S862] Various EB CD 2001, 'Abd al-Malik (Umayyad caliph).

[S653] PoH, online http://www.friesian.com/

Marwan ibn al-Hakam (623 - 685) (árabe: مروان بن الحكم) era el cuarto Califa Omeya, que asumió el control de la dinastía después de que Muawiya II abdicara en 684. La ascensión de Marwan señaló un cambio en el linaje de la dinastía Omeya al ser descendientes de Abu Sufyan a las de Hakam, ambas quienes eran nietos de Umayya (quién da su nombre a la dinastía). Hakam era primo del Uthman ibn Affan.

El profeta Mahoma envió a ambos y a su padre, Hakam ibn al-Aas al exilio, con la orden de nunca volver. Durante el reinado de Uthman, él envió por Marwan y posiblemente por su padre. Marwan se aprovechó de su relación con él califa y fue designado gobernador de Medina. Un número de historiadores posteriores tales como Ibn Taymiyya y los sunis en general se preguntan sobre la autenticidad de esta historia, la cual no viene de ningún escritor después de la muerte de Mahoma.

Durante la “batalla del camello” Marwan ibn al-Hakam se dice que disparo una flecha en el muslo al general Talha, resultando en su muerte. Marwan mato a Talha en venganza por la traición alegada a Talha al tercer Califa Uthman.

El fue removido de esta posición por Ali, sólo fue repuesto por Muawiya I. Marwan se le quito eventual la ciudad cuando Abdullah ibn Zubayr se rebeló contra Yazid I. De aquí, Marwan fue a Damasco, en donde lo proclamaron califa después de que Muawiya II abdicara.

El reinado corto de Marwan fue marcado por una guerra civil entre los Omeyas así como una guerra contra Abdullah ibn Zubayr que continuó gobernando sobre el Hejaz, Iraq, Egipto y partes de Siria. Marwan pudo ganar la guerra civil de los Omeyasd, el resultado de la cual fue una nueva línea de los Califas Omeyas en los Marwanidas. Él pudo también recobrar Egipto y Siria de Abdullah, pero no pudo derrotarlo totalmente.

Marwan ibn al-Hakam (623 - 685) (Arabic: مروان بن الحكم‎) was the fourth Umayyad Caliph, who took over the dynasty after Muawiya II abdicated in 684. Marwan's ascension pointed to a shift in the lineage of the Umayyad dynasty from descendants of Abu Sufyan to those of Hakam, both of whom were grandsons of Umayya (for whom the Umayyad dynasty is named). Hakam was a first cousin of Uthman ibn Affan.

During the "Battle of the Camel" Marwan ibn al-Hakam is said to have shot his general Talha with an arrow to the thigh, resulting in his death. Marwan killed Talha in revenge for Talha's alleged betrayal of the third Caliph Uthman.

He was removed from this position by Ali, only to be reappointed by Muawiya I. Marwan was eventually removed from the city when Abdullah ibn Zubayr rebelled against Yazid I. From here, Marwan went to Damascus, where he was made the caliph after Muawiya II abdicated.

Marwan's short reign was marked by a civil war among the Umayyads as well as a war against Abdullah ibn Zubayr who continued to rule over the Hejaz, Iraq, Egypt and parts of Syria. Marwan was able to win the Umayyad civil war, the result of which was a new Marwanid line of Umayyad caliphs. He was also able to recapture Egypt and Syria from Abdullah, but was not able to completely defeat him. Shi'a hold that none of the Umayyad caliphs were legitimate. See Succession to Muhammad for more details.

Marwan I ibn Abu al-Hakim (born 28th March 623), Governor of Medina, later 8th CALIPH OF DAMASCUS (684-85), married his second-cousin once-removed [MOSQ223]A'isha bint 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (see 2 entries earlier). He died 7th May 685.

[MOSQ222] --- bint Marwan I married [MOSN221] Musa ibn Nuseir al-Bekir (see al-ANDALUS below).

Place of Burial:Immediate Family: Marwân I al-Hakam, 4th Umayyad Caliph Also Known As:	"مروان بن الحكم‎" Birthdate:	March 28, 623 Birthplace:	Damascus, Syria  Death:	Died May 7, 685 in Damascus, Syria Damascus, Syria Son of al-Hakam bin Abu al-ʻAs and Aminah binte al-Kama al-Kinaniyya Husband of 'Aisha binte ʻUthmān; A'isha binte Mu`awiyah bin al-Mughirah and Ruqayya binte Umar al-Hakam Father of 'Abd al-'Aziz bin Marwân I bin al-Hakam;Amîna binte Marwân I bin al-Hakam; 'Abd al-Malik I bin Marwân I bin al-Hakam and Muhammad bin Marwân I bin al-Hakam

Occupation: Calife, de Damas, Fourth Omayyad Caliph, Enkel Mohammeds Marwan ibn al-Hakam ibn Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah (623 – 7 May 685) (Arabic: مروان بن الحكم بن ابو العاص بن أمية‎) a Sahaba and also was the fourth Umayyad Caliph, and the cousin of Uthman ibn Affan, who took over the dynasty after Muawiya II abdicated in 684. Marwan's ascension pointed to a shift in the lineage of the Umayyad dynasty from descendants of Abu Sufyan (the "Sufyanids") to those of Hakam (the "Marwanids"), both of whom were grandsons of Umayya (for whom the Umayyad dynasty is named). Hakam was also the uncle of Uthman ibn Affan.

Life During the "Battle of the Camel" Marwan ibn al-Hakam is said to have shot his general Talhah with an arrow to the thigh, resulting in his death. Marwan killed Talhah in revenge for his alleged betrayal of the third Caliph, Uthman. He was removed from this position by Ali, only to be reappointed by Muawiya I. Marwan was eventually removed from the city when Abdullah ibn Zubayr rebelled against Yazid I. From here, Marwan went to Damascus, where he was made the caliph afterMuawiya II abdicated.

Marwan's short reign was marked by a civil war among the Syrian Arabs as well as a war against Abdullah ibn Zubayr who continued to rule over the Hejaz, Iraq, Egypt and parts of Syria. Marwan was able to prevail in Syria at the Battle of Marj Rahit, the result of which was a new Marwanid line of Umayyad caliphs. He was also able to recapture Egypt and Syria from Abdullah, but was not able to completely defeat him.

مروان بن حکم بن ابی العاص بن امیه (۲-۶۵ق)، چهارمین خلیفه اموی و سرسلسله شاخه مروانیان.

مروان در کودکی به همراه پدرش حکم بن ابی‌العاص، به دستور پیامبراکرم(ص) به طائف تبعید شد و توسط خلیفه سوم، عثمان بن عفان، به مدینه بازگشت و در دستگاه خلافت مشغول به کار شد. وی در جنگ جمل و صفین در مقابل امام علی(ع) قرار گرفت؛ مانع دفن پیکر امام حسن(ع) کنار جدش، پیامبر(ص) شد و همچنین مجادله‌ای با امام حسین(ع) به جهت بیعت نکردن با یزید داشت. مروان پس از کناره‌گیری معاویه بن یزید از حکومت، به خلافت رسید و پس از حدود ده ماه، در سال ۶۵ قمری توسط همسرش مسموم و وفات یافت.

Marwan Ibn Hakam Ibn Abi Al-As Ibn Umayyah (2-65 AH), le quatrième calife omeyyade et le chef de la branche marwanide.

Enfant, Marwan a été exilé à Taif avec son père, Hakam ibn Abi al-'As, sur ordre du Saint Prophète (PSL) et est retourné à Médine par le troisième calife, Uthman ibn Affan, et a travaillé dans le califat. Il s'est battu contre l'imam Ali (AS) dans la bataille de Jaml et Safin; Il a empêché l'enterrement du corps de l'Imam Hassan (AS) à côté de son ancêtre, le Prophète (PSL) et a également eu une dispute avec l'Imam Hussein (AS) pour ne pas avoir prêté allégeance à Yazid. Marwan est venu au califat après la démission de Mu'awiyah ibn Yazid du gouvernement et après environ dix mois, il a été empoisonné par sa femme et est mort en 65 AH. ... https://fa.wikishia.net/view/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%...