Juan II, rey de Castilla

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Infante don JUAN de Castilla y León, son of don ENRIQUE III "el Doliente" King of Castile and León & his wife Katharine of Lancaster (Toro 6 Mar 1405-Valladolid 20 Jul 1454, bur Burgos). He succeeded his father in 1406 as don JUAN II King of Castile and León, under the joint regency of his mother and his uncle Fernando until the latter's death in 1416, subsequently of his mother alone, and from her death in 1418 of his first cousins Infantes don Juan and don Enrique de Aragón. Declared of age at Madrid 7 March 1419. Even after this, his cousin don Enrique in particular exerted a powerful influence over Juan II, even sequestrating him and taking over the royal palace of Tordesillas in 1419. Enrique reinforced his power by marrying the King's sister in 1420. However, Infante Enrique's power was short-lived, he was arrested in Madrid in June 1422 and imprisoned. King Juan II rapidly fell under the influence of don Álvaro de Luna, appointed Constable of Castile in 1423. Relations with Aragon deteriorated, with King Alfonso V threatening military invasion to release his brother, who was eventually set free in 1427. The Aragonese invasion took place in 1429, but had little success. Peace was restored by the Treaty of Majano in July 1430, the Castilian titles and assets of the Infantes de Aragón being confiscated. Álvaro de Luna's power continued to grow, provoking discontent among the Castilian nobility which came to a head when King Juan II ordered the detention of Pedro Manrique in August 1437. While Juan de Navarra's rehabilitation was confirmed in Toledo Sep 1436, when his Castilian income was restored to him, Medina de Rioseco rebelled against Álvaro de Luna. The latter was banished from court for 6 months under the "Seguro de Tordesillas", the outcome of a series of conferences between the Infantes, the nobility and de Luna himself, renewed for 6 years at Medina del Campo in 1441. Juan de Navarra pushed his advantage too far with the coup d'état of Rámaga in 1443, reducing King Juan II to a virtual prisoner but further antagonising the Castilian nobility. Aragon's invasion ended with Castile's victory at Olmedo 14 May 1445, which marked the definitive eclipse of the Infantes of Aragon in Castile. The decline of Álvaro de Luna's influence was hastened by the hatred of Juan II's new Queen Isabel de Portugal. He was eventually assassinated in Valladolid in 1453.

m firstly (Avila 4 Aug 1420) his first cousin, Infanta doña MARÍA de Aragón, daughter of don FERNANDO I "él de Antequera" King of Aragon & his wife doña Leonor Urraca de Castilla Ctss de Alburquerque ([1396]-Villacasta 18 Feb 1445).

m secondly (Madrigalejo [15] Aug 1447) Infanta dona ISABEL de Portugal, daughter of Infante dom JOÃO de Portugal Duque de Beja & his wife dona Isabel de Bragança ([1428]-Arevalo 15 Aug 1496, bur Carthusian convent at Miraflora near Burgos). When her husband died, she retired with her two children to the fortress of Arevalo, where she gradually went insane.

John II (6 March 1405 – 20 July 1454) was King of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile, daughter of King Pedro of Castile (known as 'Pedro the Cruel'). He was thus great-grandson of King Edward III of England through the maternal line.

He succeeded his father on 25 December 1406, at the age of a year and ten months, and united in his person the claims of Pedro the Cruel and of Henry of Trastamara. His mother Katherine and his uncle, Ferdinand, were co-regents during his minority. When Ferdinand died in 1416, his mother was sole regent until she died as well, in 1418.

It was one of the many misfortunes of Castile that the long reign of John II—forty-nine years—should have been granted to one of the least capable of her kings. Juan was amiable, weak, and dependent on those about him. He had no taste except for ornament and no serious interest except in amusements such as verse-making, hunting, and tournaments.

He was entirely under the influence of his favourite, Álvaro de Luna, until his second wife, Isabella of Portugal, obtained control of his feeble will. At her instigation, he dismissed his faithful and able favorite, an act which is said to have caused him much remorse. He died on 20 July 1454, at Valladolid.

John II of Castile declared the Valladolid laws, which restricted the social rights of Jews. Among many other restrictions the laws forced Jews to wear distinctive clothes and denied from them any administrative positions.

In 1431 John placed Yusuf IV on the throne of the Moorish kingdom of Granada, in exchange for tribute and vassal status to Castile. This exchange is depicted in the short ballad the Romance of Abenamar.

John II of Castile

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Juan II (March 6, 1405 – July 20, 1454) was King of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile, daughter of King Pedro of Castile (known as 'Pedro the Cruel'). He was also great-grandson of King Edward III of England through the maternal line.

He succeeded his father on December 25, 1406, at the age of a year and ten months, and united in his person the claims of Pedro the Cruel and of Henry of Trastamara. His mother Katherine and his uncle, Ferdinand, were co-regents during his minority. When Ferdinand died in 1416, his mother was sole regent until she died as well, in 1418.

It was one of the many misfortunes of Castile that the long reign of John II—forty-nine years—should have been granted to one of the least capable of her kings. Juan was amiable, weak, and dependent on those about him. He had no taste except for ornament and no serious interest except in amusements such as verse-making, hunting, and tournaments.

He was entirely under the influence of his favourite, Álvaro de Luna, until his second wife, Isabella of Portugal, obtained control of his feeble will. At her instigation, he dismissed his faithful and able favorite, an act which is said to have caused him much remorse. He died on July 20, 1454, at Valladolid.

John II of Castile, declared the Valladolid laws, which restricted the social rights of Jews. Among many other restrictions the laws forced Jews to wear distinctive clothes and denied from them any administrative positions.

Family and children

In 1418, John married his cousin Maria of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque. The marriage produced four children but only one son, the future Henry IV of Castile, survived infancy. John widowed in 1445 and remarried to Isabel de Portugal, daughter of Infante João of Portugal, with whom he had two children: the future Queen Isabella of Castile and the Infante Alfonso (1453-1468).

John II of Castile

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Juan II (March 6, 1405 – July 20, 1454) was King of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile, daughter of King Pedro of Castile (known as 'Pedro the Cruel'). He was also great-grandson of King Edward III of England through the maternal line.

He succeeded his father on December 25, 1406, at the age of a year and ten months, and united in his person the claims of Pedro the Cruel and of Henry of Trastamara. His mother Katherine and his uncle, Ferdinand, were co-regents during his minority. When Ferdinand died in 1416, his mother was sole regent until she died as well, in 1418.

It was one of the many misfortunes of Castile that the long reign of John II—forty-nine years—should have been granted to one of the least capable of her kings. Juan was amiable, weak, and dependent on those about him. He had no taste except for ornament and no serious interest except in amusements such as verse-making, hunting, and tournaments.

He was entirely under the influence of his favourite, Álvaro de Luna, until his second wife, Isabella of Portugal, obtained control of his feeble will. At her instigation, he dismissed his faithful and able favorite, an act which is said to have caused him much remorse. He died on July 20, 1454, at Valladolid.

John II of Castile, declared the Valladolid laws, which restricted the social rights of Jews. Among many other restrictions the laws forced Jews to wear distinctive clothes and denied from them any administrative positions.

Family and children

In 1418, John married his cousin Maria of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque. The marriage produced four children but only one son, the future Henry IV of Castile, survived infancy. John widowed in 1445 and remarried to Isabel de Portugal, daughter of Infante João of Portugal, with whom he had two children: the future Queen Isabella of Castile and the Infante Alfonso (1453-1468).

John II (6 March 1405 – 20 July 1454) was King of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile, daughter of King Pedro of Castile (known as 'Pedro the Cruel'). He was thus great-grandson of King Edward III of England through the maternal line.

Castilian and Leonese royalty

House of Trastámara

Henry II and I of Leon

Children include

  John I 

Eleanor, Queen of Navarre
John I

Children include

  Henry III of Castile and II of Leon) 

Ferdinand I of Aragon, Valencia and Sicily
Henry III and II of Leon

Children include

  John II 

Maria, Queen of Aragon, Valencia, Sicily and Naples
John II

Children include

  Henry IV of Castile and III of Leon 

Isabella I
Alfonso, Prince of Asturias
Henry IV and III of Leon

Children

  Joan, Queen of Portugal 

Isabella I with Ferdinand V

Children

  Isabella, Queen of Portugal 

John, Prince of Asturias
Joanna the Mad
Maria, Queen of Portugal
Catherine, Queen of England
Joanna

He succeeded his father on 25 December 1406, at the age of a year and ten months, and united in his person the claims of Pedro the Cruel and of Henry of Trastamara. His mother Katherine and his uncle, Ferdinand, were co-regents during his minority. When Ferdinand died in 1416, his mother was sole regent until she died as well, in 1418.

It was one of the many misfortunes of Castile that the long reign of John II—forty-nine years—should have been granted to one of the least capable of her kings. Juan was amiable, weak, and dependent on those about him. He had no taste except for ornament and no serious interest except in amusements such as verse-making, hunting, and tournaments.

He was entirely under the influence of his favourite, Álvaro de Luna, until his second wife, Isabella of Portugal, obtained control of his feeble will. At her instigation, he dismissed his faithful and able favorite, an act which is said to have caused him much remorse. He died on 20 July 1454, at Valladolid.

John II of Castile declared the Valladolid laws, which restricted the social rights of Jews. Among many other restrictions the laws forced Jews to wear distinctive clothes and denied from them any administrative positions.

In 1431 John placed Yusuf IV on the throne of the Moorish kingdom of Granada, in exchange for tribute and vassal status to Castile. This exchange is depicted in the short ballad the Romance of Abenamar.

[edit] Ancestors

John's ancestors in three generations John II of Castile Father:

Henry III of Castile Paternal Grandfather:

John I of Castile Paternal Great-grandfather:

Henry II of Castile

Paternal Great-grandmother:

Juana Manuel of Castile

Paternal Grandmother:

Eleanor of Aragon Paternal Great-grandfather:

Peter IV of Aragon

Paternal Great-grandmother:

Eleanor of Sicily

Mother:

Katherine of Lancaster Maternal Grandfather:

John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster Maternal Great-grandfather:

Edward III of England

Maternal Great-grandmother:

Philippa of Hainault

Maternal Grandmother:

Constance of Castile Maternal Great-grandfather:

Peter of Castile

Maternal Great-grandmother:

María de Padilla

[edit] Family and children

Tomb of John IIIn 1418, John married his cousin Maria of Aragon, the oldest daughter of the king Ferdinand I of Aragon and his wife Eleanor of Alburquerque. The marriage produced four children but only one son, the future Henry IV of Castile, survived infancy. John was widowed in 1445 and remarried to Isabel de Portugal, daughter of Infante João of Portugal, with whom he had two children: the future Queen Isabella I of Castile and the Infante Alfonso (1453-1468).

[edit] References

This article incorporates text from the article "John II" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.

John II of Castile

House of Trastámara

Born: March 6 1406 Died: July 20 1454

Preceded by

Henry III King of Castile and León

1406-1454 Succeeded by

Henry IV

Vacant

Title last held by

Prince Henry

his father Prince of Asturias

1405-1406 Vacant

Title next held by

Prince Henry

his son

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II_of_Castile"

John II of Castile

John II (March 6, 1405 – July 20, 1454) was King of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile, daughter of King Pedro of Castile (known as 'Pedro the Cruel'). He was thus great-grandson of King Edward III of England through the maternal line.

He succeeded his father on December 25, 1406, at the age of a year and ten months, and united in his person the claims of Pedro the Cruel and of Henry of Trastamara. His mother Katherine and his uncle, Ferdinand, were co-regents during his minority. When Ferdinand died in 1416, his mother was sole regent until she died as well, in 1418.

It was one of the many misfortunes of Castile that the long reign of John II—forty-nine years—should have been granted to one of the least capable of her kings. Juan was amiable, weak, and dependent on those about him. He had no taste except for ornament and no serious interest except in amusements such as verse-making, hunting, and tournaments.

He was entirely under the influence of his favourite, Álvaro de Luna, until his second wife, Isabella of Portugal, obtained control of his feeble will. At her instigation, he dismissed his faithful and able favorite, an act which is said to have caused him much remorse. He died on July 20, 1454, at Valladolid.

John II of Castile declared the Valladolid laws, which restricted the social rights of Jews. Among many other restrictions the laws forced Jews to wear distinctive clothes and denied from them any administrative positions.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II_of_Castile