Jean I de Dreux, duc de Bretagne

John I, Duke of Brittany From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Coat of Arms of Peter I, Duke of Brittany and his successors. John I the Red (in Breton Yann Iañ ar Ruz, in French Jean I le Roux) (1217 – October 8, 1286), known as John the Red due to the colour of his beard, was Duke of Brittany, from 1237 to his death. He was son of Duke Peter I and Alix of Thouars, heiress of the duchy. Contents [show] [edit]Life

John was nominal duke from 1221, date of his mother’s death, although his father ruled as regent until he reached adulthood. He experienced a number of conflicts with the Bishop of Nantes and the Breton clergy. He joined Saint Louis in the eighth crusade (1270), and survived the plague that killed the king. He then returned to his duchy. In Brittany he issued an edict expelling Jews from the duchy and cancelling all debts to them. [edit]Marriage and issue

In 1236 John married Princess Blanche, daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre. They had the following surviving issue: John II, Duke of Brittany, married Beatrice of England and had issue Peter of Brittany, Lord of Hade Alix of Brittany, married John of Châtillon Theobald (1245-1256) Theobald (died soon after birth) Eleanor (1248) Nicolas of Brittany (1249-1261) Robert (1251-1259) [edit]Ancestry

Ancestors of John I, Duke of Brittany[show] [edit]See also

Dukes of Brittany family tree Preceded by Alix Peter I Duke of Brittany 1237–1286 Succeeded by John II Preceded by Peter of Savoy Earl of Richmond 1268 Succeeded by John II

Jean Ier le Roux (1217 – 8 octobre 1286, château de L'Isle), fut duc de Bretagne (1237-1286), et comte de Richmond en 1268.

Il était le fils de Pierre Mauclerc, baillistre de Bretagne et d'Alix de Thouars.

Biographie

Il devint duc de Bretagne en titre en 1221, à la mort de sa mère, mais, comme il était âgé de quatre ans, son père assura la régence. Jean fit ses premières armes en 1232, son père ayant à réprimer des révoltes de ses barons. En 1237, il prend personnellement le gouvernement du duché, et doit réprimer la révolte d’un de ses vassaux, Pierre de Craon. En 1242, il lutte en Poitou pour le compte du roi de France et soumet le comte de la Marche.

Il eut de nombreux démêlés avec le clergé et la noblesse bretonne. En conflit avec l’évêque de Nantes, il fut excommunié par les évêques bretons et finit par se soumettre ; mais les nobles, le voyant favoriser les prêtres, prirent les armes à leur tour (1257). Jean finit par les soumettre.

Il accompagna ensuite saint Louis à la huitième croisade (1270), échappa à la peste qui tua le roi et revint dans son duché.

Notice matrimoniale

En 1236, il épouse Blanche de Navarre (1226 – 1283), fille de Thibaut IV le Chansonnier, comte de Champagne et roi de Navarre et d'Agnès de Beaujeu. Ils auront huit enfants :

   * Jean II (1239 – 1305), duc de Bretagne. Son père lui transmit le titre de comte de Richmond en 1268 ;

   * Pierre (2 avril 1241 – 19 octobre 1268), seigneur de Dinan, Hedé, Léon, Hennebont et la Roche-Derrien ;

   * Alix de Bretagne (6 juin 1243 - 2 août 1288), mariée à Jean Ier de Blois-Châtillon, comte de Blois et de Chartres ;

   * Thibaut (23 juillet 1245 – 23 octobre 1246), inhumé dans l'église abbatiale Saint-Gildas de Rhuys ;

   * Thibaut (9 novembre 1247), mort jeune, inhumé dans l'église abbatiale Saint-Gildas de Rhuys ;

   * Aliénor (1248), morte jeune, inhumée dans l'église abbatiale Saint-Gildas de Rhuys ;

   * Nicolas (8 décembre 1249 – 14 août 1251), inhumé dans l'église abbatiale Saint Gildas de Rhuys ;

   * Robert (6 mars 1251 – 4 février 1259), inhumé à l'église du couvent des Cordeliers de Nantes.

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John I, Duke of Brittany From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John I the Red (in Breton Yann Iañ ar Ruz, in French Jean I le Roux) (1217 – October 8, 1286), known as John the Red due to the colour of his beard, was Duke of Brittany, from 1237 to his death. He was son of Duke Peter I and Alix of Thouars, heiress of the duchy. In 1236 John married Princess Blanche, daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre.

John was nominal duke from 1221, date of his mother’s death, although his father ruled as regent until he reached adulthood.

He experienced a number of conflicts with the Bishop of Nantes and the Breton clergy. He joined Saint Louis in the eighth crusade (1270), and survived the plague that killed the king. He then returned to his duchy. In Brittany he issued an edict expelling Jews from the duchy and cancelling all debts to them.

Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne1 b. 1216, d. 8 October 1285 Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne|b. 1216\nd. 8 Oct 1285|p404.htm#i12660|Pierre "Mauclerc", duc de Bretagne|b. bt 1187 - 1191\nd. c 28 May 1250|p395.htm#i7808|Alix de Thoüars, duchesse de Bretagne|b. 1199\nd. 21 Oct 1221|p387.htm#i7807|Robert II "le Jeune", comte de Dreux et Braine|b. 1154\nd. 28 Dec 1218|p386.htm#i7420|Yolande de Coucy|b. c 1161\nd. 18 Mar 1222|p387.htm#i7831|Guy de Thoüars, comte de Bretagne|b. b 1139\nd. 23 Apr 1213|p384.htm#i7804|Constance, duchesse de Bretagne|b. 1162\nd. 5 Sep 1201|p382.htm#i7803| Father Pierre "Mauclerc", duc de Bretagne1 b. between 1187 and 1191, d. circa 28 May 1250 Mother Alix de Thoüars, duchesse de Bretagne1 b. 1199, d. 21 October 1221

     Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne was born in 1216.1 He was the son of Pierre "Mauclerc", duc de Bretagne and Alix de Thoüars, duchesse de Bretagne.1 Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne married Blanche de Champagne, daughter of Thibaud I "le Chansonnier", rey de Navarra and Agnès de Beaujeu, on 16 January 1235/36 at Château-Thierry.2 Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne styled John de Bretagne until he became Duke of Brittany on his father's resignation, when he did homage to the King of France on 16 November 1237 at Paris, France.1 He received the ducal insignia, viz. the sword and banner, at Rennes after 16 November 1237 at Brittany, France.1 Duke of Brittany at France between 16 November 1237 and 1286.1 He ordered the expulsion of the Jews from Brittany on 10 April 1240.2 He was knighted by Louis IX on 8 September 1241 at Melun, France.2 He petitioned Henry III of England for the restitution of the Earldom of Richmond in 1242.2 He surrendered his right to the succession to the Kingdom of Navarre, which had been secured to him by his marriage contract, for an annuity of 3,000 livres in 1254.2 He again petitioned Henry III of England for the restitution of the Earldom of Richmond in 1259.2 He was restored to the earldom of Richmond by Henry III of England, upon which he immediately surrendered it to his son in 1268.2 6th Earl of Richmond at England in 1268.2 He was the successor of Jean II, duc de Bretagne; 7th Earl of Richmond.3 Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne went on Crusade, and took part in the siege by Louis IX of Tunis in July 1270.3 He died on 8 October 1285 at probably at age 69 years.3 Jean I "le Roux", duc de Bretagne was buried in the abbey of Nôtre Dame de Prières. He was the predecessor of Jean II, duc de Bretagne; Count of Brittany.4 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_I,_Duke_of_Brittany John I, Duke of Brittany From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Coat of Arms of Peter I, Duke of Brittany and his successors.

John I the Red (in Breton Yann Iañ ar Ruz, in French Jean I le Roux) (1217 – October 8, 1286), known as John the Red due to the colour of his beard, was Duke of Brittany, from 1237 to his death. He was son of Duke Peter I and Alix of Thouars, heiress of the duchy. Contents [show]

   * 1 Life

   * 2 Marriage and issue

   * 3 Ancestry

   * 4 See also

[edit] Life

John was nominal duke from 1221, date of his mother’s death, although his father ruled as regent until he reached adulthood.

He experienced a number of conflicts with the Bishop of Nantes and the Breton clergy. He joined Saint Louis in the Eighth Crusade (1270), and survived the plague that killed the king. He then returned to his duchy. In Brittany he issued an edict expelling Jews from the duchy and cancelling all debts to them. [edit] Marriage and issue

In 1236 John married Princess Blanche, daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre. They had the following surviving issue:

   * John II, Duke of Brittany, married Beatrice of England and had issue

   * Peter of Brittany, Lord of Hade

   * Alix of Brittany, married John of Châtillon

   * Theobald (1245-1256)

   * Theobald (died soon after birth)

   * Eleanor (1248)

   * Nicolas of Brittany (1249-1261)

   * Robert (1251-1259)

[edit] Ancestry Ancestors of John I, Duke of Brittany[show]

16. Louis VI of France

8. Robert I of Dreux

17. Adélaide de Maurienne

4. Robert II of Dreux

18. Guy de Baudement

9. Agnes de Baudemont, countess of Braine

19. Alix, Dame de Braine

2. Peter I, Duke of Brittany

20. Enguerrand II, Lord of Coucy

10. Ralph I, Lord of Coucy

21. Agnes de Baugency

5. Yolande de Coucy

22. Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut

11. Agnes of Hainaut

23. Alice of Namur

1. John I, Duke of Brittany

24. Aimery V, Viscount of Thouars

12. Geoffroy IV, Viscount of Thouars

25. Agnes of Aquitaine

6. Guy of Thouars

26. Hugh VII of Lusignan

13. Aimée de Lusignan

27. Saracena de Lezay

3. Alix of Thouars

28. Alan, 1st Earl of Richmond

14. Conan IV, Duke of Brittany

29. Bertha, Duchess of Brittany

7. Constance, Duchess of Brittany

30. Henry of Scotland

15. Margaret of Huntingdon

31. Ada de Warenne

[edit] See also

   * Dukes of Brittany family tree

Preceded by Alix Peter I Duke of Brittany 1237–1286 Succeeded by John II Preceded by Peter of Savoy Earl of Richmond 1268 Succeeded by John II

This page was last modified on 6 May 2010 at 20:24.

John I the Red (in Breton Yann Iañ ar Ruz, in French Jean I le Roux) (1217 – October 8, 1286), known as John the Red due to the colour of his beard, was Duke of Brittany, from 1237 to his death. He was son of Duke Peter I and Alix of Thouars, heiress of the duchy. In 1236 John married Princess Blanche, daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre. John was nominal duke from 1221, date of his mother’s death, although his father ruled as regent until he reached adulthood. He experienced a number of conflicts with the Bishop of Nantes and the Breton clergy. He joined Saint Louis in the eighth crusade (1270), and survived the plague that killed the king. He then returned to his duchy. In Brittany he issued an edict expelling Jews from the duchy and cancelling all debts to them. [edit]See also

Dukes of Brittany family tree