Gertrud of Hungary von Andechs-Meran, Queen consort

http://genealogy.euweb.cz/german/diessen1.html

Graf Berthold II von Diessen, fl 1024, +1060; m.N von Hohenwart; They had issue: A1. Otto II, Gf von Diessen (1100-07), Gf von Thanning 1073, Gf von Ambras (1078-93), Gf von Wolfratshausen (1098-1116), +ca 1122; m.Justizia von Babenberg (+1120/22), dau.of Leopold von Neumarkt

• ...
• A4. Berthold III, Gf von Diessen, Gf von Plassenberg und von Stein, +27.6.1151; 1m: Sophie of Istria (6.9.1128); 2m: after 1130 Kunigunde von Formbach-Pütten
  • ...
  • B2. [1m.] Gf Bertold III von Andechs, etc, Mgve of Istria, *ca 1122, +14.11.1188; 1m: 1152 Hedwig von Wittelsbach (+16.7.1174); 2m: ca 1180 Pss Luitgard of Denmark
    • C1. [1m.] Gf Bertold IV von Andechs, Mgve of Istria, Duke of Meranien, *1153, +12.8.1204; m.1170 Agnes von Rochlitz (+25.3.1195)
      • D1. Duke Otto I of Meranien, Mgve of Istria, Comte Palatin de Bourgogne as Othon II, +Besançon 7.5.1234; 1m: Bamberg 21.6.1208 Beatrix von Staufen, Comtesse Palatine de Bourgogne (*1192 +7.5.1231); 2m: Sophie von Anhalt (+1272/4)
        • ...
      • D2. Heinrich VI, Mgve of Istria, +Windischgrätz 18.7.1228; m.before 1207 Sophia von Weichselburg (+1256)
      • D3. Ekbert, Bp of Bamberg (1203-37), +Vienna 1237
      • D4. Berthold V, Archbp of Kolocsa (1207-18), Patriarch of Aquileia (1218-51), +23.5.1251
      • D5. a daughter; m.1190 Toljen Nemanjidic
      • D6. Agnes, *1180, +château de Poissy 1201, bur there; m.1196 (div 1200) King Philippe II Augustus of France (+1223)
      • D7. Gertrud, +murdered 8/28.9.1213; m.before 1203 King Andras II of Hungary (*1176, +21.9.1235)
      • D8. St.Hedwig, +as Abbess of Trebnitz 13.10.1243; m.1188/92 Duke Heinrich I of Silesia, Cracow and Great Poland (+19.3.1238)
      • D9. Mechtild, Abbess of Kitzingen, +1254
    • ...

Gertrúd magyar királyné

A Wikipédiából, a szabad enciklopédiából.

Gertrudis királyné (Merániai Gertrúd, németül: Gertrud von Andechs-Meran) (1185. szeptember 24. – 1213. szeptember 28.) II. András első felesége, IV. Bertold merániai herceg lánya és Rochlitzi Ágnes legfiatalabb lánya.[1] Nővére, Merániai Ágnes híres szépség, II. Fülöp Ágost francia királyhoz ment feleségül.[2] Másik nővére Sziléziai Szent Hedvig.[3] Legfiatalabb öccse, Berthold kalocsai érsek lett.[4] Két másik testvére, Eckbert bambergi püspök és Henrik isztriai gróf 1208-ban Magyarországra jöttek, mert meggyanúsították őket, hogy közük volt Fülöp német király meggyilkolásához.[4]

II. András és Gertrudis 1203 előtt házasodtak össze. Az ő gyermekük volt a későbbi IV. Béla és Szent Erzsébet.

A magyar főnemesek egy csoportja (Péter ispán, Kacsics nembeli Simon és Bánk veje, Simon) összeesküvést szőtt ellene, mivel a király előnyben részesítette a királynő rokonságát a magyarokkal szemben. II. András halicsi hadjárata alatt a főurak egy csoportja egy udvari vadászat alkalmával, amelyet a pilisi erdőben tartottak, merényletet követtek el Gertrudis ellen.[1] II. András szeretett feleségét halála helyszínének közelében, a pilisi cisztercita kolostorban, díszes szarkofágban temette el.[1] A török háborúk idején elpusztult kolostor romjai a mai Pilisszentkereszt területén vannak, a gótikus síremlék maradványai a Magyar Nemzeti Galériában láthatóak.

A merénylet történetét Katona József Bánk bán drámája és Erkel Ferenc azonos című operája dolgozta fel.

II. András és Gertrudis gyermekei:[1]

-1. Mária (1203-1221), II. Iván Aszen bolgár cár felesége lett

-2. IV. Béla, magyar király

-3. Árpád-házi Szent Erzsébet (1207-1231), Lajos türingiai őrgróf felesége

-4. Kálmán, szlavón herceg (1208-1241)

-5. András, Halics királya

Forrás / Source:

http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertr%C3%BAd_magyar_kir%C3%A1lyn%C3%A9

English:

Gertrude of Merania

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Queen consort of Hungary[1]

Tenure 1203-1213

Predecessor Constance of Aragon

Successor Yolanda de Courtenay

Spouse Andrew II of Hungary

Issue

1. Anna Maria, Empress of Bulgaria
2. Béla IV of Hungary
3. Saint Elizabeth of Hungary
4. Coloman of Lodomeria
5. Andrew II of Halych

Full name

Gertrude Andechs

Father Berthold IV, Duke of Merania

Mother Agnes of Rochlitz

Born c. 1185

Died 24 September 1213 (aged 27-28)

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – 24 September 1213) was the first wife of Andrew II, king of Hungary. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania and his wife Agnes of Rochlitz. Through her son Bela, Gertrude was an ancestress of Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of Edward III of England.

Contents [hide]

1 Family

2 Marriage

3 Murder

4 In Media

5 References

[edit] Family

Gertrude and her Meranian family Gertrude's sister was Agnes of Merania, a famous beauty, who married King Philippe Auguste of France. Her other sister was St. Hedwig of Andechs, wife of Henry I the Bearded. Their brother was Otto I, Duke of Merania.

Gertrude's mother, Agnes was a great great granddaughter of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia and his wife Agnes of Germany. [2]

Agnes of Germany was a daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife, Bertha of Savoy.

Gertude's paternal grandparents were Berthold V, Count of Andechs and his wife, Hedwig of Wittelsbach, a descendant of Bela I of Hungary, through his daughter, Sophia.

[edit] Marriage

Her parents wanted their daughters to all make important political marriages, which would create alliances for Berthold IV. Gertrude married Andrew II of Hungary before 1203. The couple had five children:

Anna Maria of Hungary (c. 1204 – 1237), wife of Tzar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria

King Béla IV of Hungary (1206 – 3 May 1270)

Saint Elisabeth of Hungary (1207 – 10 November 1231), wife of Landgraf Louis IV of Thuringia

King Coloman of Halych (1208 – after 11 April 1241)

Prince Andrew II of Halych (c. 1210 – 1234) [3]

Gertrude had much political influence over her husband. It was probably Gertrude who persuaded Andrew to conspire against his brother again, but when King Emeric, who had realised that Andrew's troops outnumbered his armies, went unarmed, wearing only the crown and the sceptre, to Andrew's camp near Varasd, Andrew surrendered voluntarily on the spur of the scene. The king had his brother arrested, but Andrew managed to escape shortly afterwards. During this time, Gertrude escaped back to her father.

[edit] Murder

Gertrude was killed in 1213, by the Hungarian noblemen, who were jealous over the advancement of her relatives at court. While the king was in battle, Gertrude gave out Hungarian land as "gifts" to her German relatives. (One third of the country was given away but the Hungarians got it back after the queen's death). Thus, Hungary did not prosper and the queen acted as a dictator.

The Hungarian nobles had enough and in 1213 while hunting, she was killed. Due to the current political situation most of her murderers remained unpunished during the rule of Andrew II. Only Gertrude's son Béla IV took revenge after his assession to the throne.

Gertrude's tomb was of a Gothic style. Her tomb was excavated between 1967 and 1980. [4]

Through her son Bela, Gertrude was an ancestress of Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of Edward III of England.

Gertrude's husband went on to remarry twice again. His second wife was Yolanda de Courtenay, who bore him one daughter, Violant, who married James I of Aragon.

On Yolanda's death, Andrew married Beatrice d'Este, they had a son called Stephen.

See:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_of_Merania

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – September 24, 1213) was the first wife of Andrew II, king of Hungary. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania. Her sister was Agnes of Merania, a famous beauty, who married King Philippe Auguste of France. Yet another sister was St. Hedwig of Andechs.

She and Andrew married before 1203, and she was the mother of his successor Bela IV of Hungary, Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, wife of Louis, landgrave of Thuringia, and Anna Maria, wife of tsar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria. Gertrude was killed in 1213, by the Hungarian noblemen, who were jealous over the advancement of her relatives at court. While the king was in battle, Gertrude gave out Hungarian land as "gifts" to her German relatives. 1/3 of the country were gifts but the Hungarian got it back after the queen's death. Thus, Hungary did not prosper and the queen acted as a dictator. The Hungarian nobles had enough and in 1213 while hunting, she was killed. Due to the current political situation most of her murderers remained unpunished during the rule of Andrew II. Only Gertrude's son Béla IV took revenge after elevated to the throne.

Gertrude of Merania

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – September 24, 1213) was the first wife of Andrew II, king of Hungary. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania. Her sister was Agnes of Merania, a famous beauty, who married King Philippe Auguste of France. Yet another sister was St. Hedwig of Andechs.

She and Andrew married before 1203, and she was the mother of his successor Bela IV of Hungary and Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, wife of Louis, landgrave of Thuringia. Gertrude was killed in 1213, by the Hungarian noblemen, who were jealous over the advancement of her relatives at court. While the king was in battle, Gertrude gave out Hungarian land as "gifts" to her German relatives. 1/3 of the country were gifts but the Hungarian got it back after the queen's death. Thus, Hungary did not prosper and the queen acted as a dictator. The Hungarian nobles had enough and in 1213 while hunting, she was killed. Due to the current political situation most of her murderers remained unpunished during the rule of Andrew II. Only Gertrude's son Béla IV took revenge after elevated to the throne.

She is the main character in Ferenc Erkel's opera, Bánk bán. It is based on a true fact: Lord Bánk, a nobleman went to battle with the king. His young wife stayed at home. Gertrude's brother fell in love with the young woman but she was afraid of him. Gertude encouraged her brother. When Lord Bánk heard of this, he was very angry and he was leader of the group of men that killed the queen. Her brother fled for his life.

Uralkodásra termedt asszony,aki külföldi rokonait helyezte előtérbe Magyarországon.

Gyermekeit nagyon szerette és azok se felejtkeztek meg róla.

A magyar főurak fellázadtak ellene és megölték .

Wikipedia:

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_von_Andechs

Gertrud von Andechs

aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie

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Gertrud von Andechs, auch Gertrude von Andechs-Meranien (* um 1185 in Andechs; † 28. September 1213 im Wald Pilis) war Gräfin von Andechs-Meran und Königin von Ungarn.

Andreas II. von Ungarn und seine Ehefrau Gertrud von Andechs-Meranien (Miniatur im Landgrafenpsalter, um 1211–1213)

Inhaltsverzeichnis

[Verbergen]

   * 1 Leben

o 1.1 Familie
o 1.2 Königin von Ungarn
o 1.3 Ermordung im Wald Pilis
* 2 Nachkommen
* 3 Literatur
* 4 Weblinks
Leben [Bearbeiten]

Familie [Bearbeiten]

Gertrud von Andechs-Meran erblickte ungefähr um 1185 als Tochter des Herzogs Berthold IV. von Andechs-Meranien und seiner zweiten Gemahlin Agnes von Rochlitz in Andechs das Licht der Welt.

Berthold IV. von Andechs-Meranien war Graf von Andechs und Herzog von Meranien. Andechs war ein Schloss und eine Gegend nahe dem Ammersee in Bayern. Meranien liegt an der Adriaküste bei Fiume (Rijeka). Berthold war ein direkter Vasall des Kaisers somit von den großen Herzogtümern in Deutschland unabhängig. Sein Sohn, ebenfalls Berthold, wurde zum Erzbischof von Kalocsa in Ungarn und 1218 zum Patriarch von Aquileia ernannt.

Agnes von Rochlitz war die Tochter von Graf Dedo V. von Rochlitz (Markgraf Dedi V., der Feiste, von der Ostmark aus dem Hause Wettin) und seiner Gemahlin Mathilde von Heinsberg, Tochter von Graf Goswin II. von Heinsberg. Dedo V. von Rochlitz und seine Gemahlin Mathilde hinterließen sechs Kinder: Konrad, der seinem Vater in der Markgrafenwürde folgte, Dietrich, der spätere Graf von Groitzsch, Philipp, der vor 1190 Propst des Stiftes St. Viktor in Xanten war, Heinrich, Goswin und Agnes.

Agnes wurde die Ehefrau des Herzogs von Meranien und brachte drei Söhne, nämlich den Herzog von Meranien (Otto I.), den Markgrafen von Ysterreich (Heinrich, Markgraf von Istrien-Krain) und Bischof Eckbert von Bamberg, sowie drei Töchter zur Welt, deren Ehemänner König Philipp von Frankreich (Philipp II. August), der König von Ungarn (Andreas II.) und Herzog Heinrich von Schlesien waren.

Königin von Ungarn [Bearbeiten]

Die Töchter Hedwig, Gertrud und Agnes Marie wurden von ihrem Vater mit Mitgliedern der bedeutendsten Adelsfamilien verheiratet. Gertrud heiratete um 1203 Prinz Andreas von Ungarn und wurde im Rahmen dieser Vermählung zur einer ungarischen Prinzessin. Mit dieser Eheschließung stellte Andreas sich politisch auf die Seite des deutschen Königs Philipp während sein Bruder, König Emmerich von Ungarn, Otto IV. unterstützte. Andreas lehnte sich im Jahre 1203 gegen seinen Bruder, König Emmerich von Ungarn, auf. Die Gefangennahme des Aufständischen hatte zur Folge, dass Gertrud zu ihrem Vater zurückgeschickt wurde. Doch konnte sie, nachdem Andreas im folgenden Jahr von seinen Anhängern aus der Gefangenschaft befreit wurde, zu diesem zurückkehren. Die Krönung ihres Mannes zum König von Ungarn zu Pfingsten 1205 verschaffte ihr schließlich die Möglichkeit, über Jahre hinweg entscheidend Einfluss auf die Gestaltung der ungarischen Politik zu nehmen. Nach dem Herrschaftsantritt von Andreas führte Gertrud aufgrund der häufigen Abwesenheit ihres Gatten die Regierungsgeschäfte. Sie war von starkem Ehrgeiz und Familiensinn geprägt und wird von Dietrich von Apolda mit folgenden Worten beschrieben: „sie habe, von männlichem Geist erfüllt, selbst die Staatsgeschäfte geführt“. Die Rolle der Königin wird in den ungarischen Chroniken meist negativ beurteilt. Besonders die Bevorzugung der in ihrer Umgebung lebenden Deutschen wurde ihr vorgeworfen.

Ermordung im Wald Pilis [Bearbeiten]

Im Jahre 1213, König Andreas befand sich auf einem Kriegszug nach Halitsch in Galizien, wurde Gertrud von ungarischen Adeligen während einer Hofjagd im Wald Pilis ermordet. Grund dafür war die Empörung des ungarischen Adels gegen die üppigen Zuteilungen königlicher Ländereien an fremdländische Adlige aus dem Günstlingskreis Gertruds. So hatte Andreas 1206 Gertruds Bruder Berthold im Widerspruch zum Kirchenrecht als Erzbischof von Kalocsa eingesetzt. 1212 wurde Berthold sogar zum Woiwoden von Siebenbürgen und zum Stellvertreter des Königs ernannt. Im Folgejahr nutzte der Adel die Abwesenheit Andreas’, der sich auf einem Feldzug in Halitsch befand, um das Gefolge der Königin zu überfallen, das gerade zu Ehren Leopolds IV. von Österreich eine Jagd veranstaltete. Die meisten fremden Adligen wurden erschlagen, die Königin regelrecht zerstückelt. Berthold und Leopold konnten sich mit Verletzungen retten. Sie wurde in der Zisterzienserabtei Pilisszentkereszt begraben. Fragmente ihres Grabmals in französischer Hochgotik wurden in den Jahren zwischen 1967 und 1980 ausgegraben.

Nachkommen [Bearbeiten]

   * Maria (* 1204; † 1237), verheiratet seit 1221 mit Iwan Asen II., Zar von Bulgarien (um 1190–1241)

* Béla IV. (* 1206; † 1270), König von Ungarn
* Elisabeth (* 1207; † 1231) verheiratet mit Ludwig IV., Landgraf von Thüringen
* Koloman (* 1208; † 1241), Fürst von Halitsch
* Andreas (* unbekannt; † 1234), Fürst von Halitsch-Przemysl, verheiratet seit 1221 mit Maria (Helena) von Nowgorod, Tochter des Fürsten Mstislaw
Literatur [Bearbeiten]

   * Hans Wagner: Gertrud, Königin von Ungarn. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 6. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, S. 333 f.

* Heinrich von Zeißberg: Gertrud von Meran. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 9. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, S. 72 f.
Weblinks [Bearbeiten]

   * genealogie-mittelalter.de

Vorgängerin

Konstanze von Aragon

Königin von Ungarn

1205–1213 Nachfolgerin

Jolante Courtenay

Normdaten: Personennamendatei (PND): 138779074

Gertrude of Merania:

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – 24 September 1213) was the first wife of Andrew II, king of Hungary. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania and his wife Agnes of Rochlitz. Through her son Bela, Gertrude was an ancestress of Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of Edward III of England.

Gertrude's sister was Agnes of Merania, a famous beauty, who married King Philippe Auguste of France. Her other sister was St. Hedwig of Andechs, wife of Henry I the Bearded. Their brother was Otto I, Duke of Merania.

Gertrude's mother, Agnes was a great great granddaughter of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia and his wife Agnes of Germany.

Agnes of Germany was a daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife, Bertha of Savoy.

Gertude's paternal grandparents were Berthold V, Count of Andechs and his wife, Hedwig of Wittelsbach, a descendant of Bela I of Hungary, through his daughter, Sophia.

Marriage

Her parents wanted their daughters to all make important political marriages, which would create alliances for Berthold IV. Gertrude married Andrew II of Hungary before 1203. The couple had five children:

   * Anna Maria of Hungary (c. 1204 – 1237), wife of Tzar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria

* King Béla IV of Hungary (1206 – 3 May 1270)
* Saint Elisabeth of Hungary (1207 – 10 November 1231), wife of Landgraf Louis IV of Thuringia
* King Coloman of Halych (1208 – after 11 April 1241)
* Prince Andrew II of Halych (c. 1210 – 1234)
Gertrude had much political influence over her husband. It was probably Gertrude who persuaded Andrew to conspire against his brother again, but when King Emeric, who had realised that Andrew's troops outnumbered his armies, went unarmed, wearing only the crown and the sceptre, to Andrew's camp near Varasd, Andrew surrendered voluntarily on the spur of the scene. The king had his brother arrested, but Andrew managed to escape shortly afterwards. During this time, Gertrude escaped back to her father.

Murder

Gertrude was killed in 1213, by the Hungarian noblemen, who were jealous over the advancement of her relatives at court. While the king was in battle, Gertrude gave out Hungarian land as "gifts" to her German relatives. (One third of the country was given away but the Hungarians got it back after the queen's death). Thus, Hungary did not prosper and the queen acted as a dictator.

The Hungarian nobles had enough and in 1213 while hunting, she was killed. Due to the current political situation most of her murderers remained unpunished during the rule of Andrew II. Only Gertrude's son Béla IV took revenge after his assession to the throne.

Gertrude's tomb was of a Gothic style. Her tomb was excavated between 1967 and 1980.

Through her son Bela, Gertrude was an ancestress of Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of Edward III of England.

Gertrude's husband went on to remarry twice again. His second wife was Yolanda de Courtenay, who bore him one daughter, Violant, who married James I of Aragon.

On Yolanda's death, Andrew married Beatrice d'Este, they had a son called Stephen.

In Media

She is the main character in Ferenc Erkel's opera, Bánk bán. It is based on a true fact: Lord Bánk, a nobleman went to battle with the king. His young wife stayed at home. Gertrude's brother fell in love with the young woman but she was afraid of him. Gertude encouraged her brother. When Lord Bánk heard of this, he was very angry and he was leader of the group of men that killed the queen. Her brother fled for his life.

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – September 24, 1213) was the first wife of Andrew II, king of Hungary. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania. Her sister was Agnes of Merania, a famous beauty, who married King Philippe Auguste of France. Yet another sister was St. Hedwig of Andechs.

She and Andrew married before 1203, and she was the mother of his successor Bela IV of Hungary, Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, wife of Louis, landgrave of Thuringia, and Anna Maria, wife of tsar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria. Gertrude was killed in 1213, by the Hungarian noblemen, who were jealous over the advancement of her relatives at court. While the king was in battle, Gertrude gave out Hungarian land as "gifts" to her German relatives. 1/3 of the country were gifts but the Hungarian got it back after the queen's death. Thus, Hungary did not prosper and the queen acted as a dictator. The Hungarian nobles had enough and in 1213 while hunting, she was killed. Due to the current political situation most of her murderers remained unpunished during the rule of Andrew II. Only Gertrude's son Béla IV took revenge after elevated to the throne.

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – September 24, 1213) was the first wife of Andrew II, king of Hungary. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania. Her sister was Agnes of Merania, a famous beauty, who married King Philippe Auguste of France. Yet another sister was St. Hedwig of Andechs.

She and Andrew married before 1203, and she was the mother of his successor Bela IV of Hungary, Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, wife of Louis, landgrave of Thuringia, and Anna Maria, wife of tsar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria. Gertrude was killed in 1213, by the Hungarian noblemen, who were jealous over the advancement of her relatives at court. While the king was in battle, Gertrude gave out Hungarian land as "gifts" to her German relatives. 1/3 of the country were gifts but the Hungarian got it back after the queen's death. Thus, Hungary did not prosper and the queen acted as a dictator. The Hungarian nobles had enough and in 1213 while hunting, she was killed. Due to the current political situation most of her murderers remained unpunished during the rule of Andrew II. Only Gertrude's son Béla IV took revenge after elevated to the throne.

She is the main character in Ferenc Erkel's opera, Bánk bán. It is based on a true fact: Lord Bánk, a nobleman went to battle with the king. His young wife stayed at home. Gertrude's brother fell in love with the young woman but she was afraid of him. Gertude encouraged her brother. When Lord Bánk heard of this, he was very angry and he was leader of the group of men that killed the queen. Her brother fled for his life.