Foulques IV "le Réchin" de Château-Landon, Comte d'Anjou

COMTES d'ANJOU 1060-1189 (COMTES de GATINAIS)

GEOFFROY [II] de Gâtinais, son of HUGUES du Perche Comte de Gâtinais & his wife Beatrix de Mâcon (-30 Apr [1043/47]).
m ([1035]%29 as her first husband, ERMENGARDE d'Anjou, daughter of FOULQUES III "Nerra" Comte d'Anjou & his second wife Hildegard [de Metz] ([1015/20]-[church of Fleury-sur-Ouche, Côte d’Or 18 Mar 1076]). Geoffroy & his wife had three children:

1. [HILDEGARDE] de Château-Landon (-after 1060). m ([1060]%29 as his first wife, JOSCELIN [I] Seigneur de Courtenay, son of ATHON Châtelain de Châteaurenard & his wife --- ([1034]-after 1065).

2. GEOFFROY de Château-Landon ([1040]-[1096/97]). He succeeded his maternal uncle in 1060 as GEOFFROY III "le Barbu" Comte d'Anjou.

3. FOULQUES de Château-Landon (1043-14 Apr 1109, bur Anjou Sainte-Trinité). The Historiæ Andegavensis names "Goffridi de Castro Landono et Ermengardis filia Fulconis Comitis Andegavensis" as parents of "Fulco comes Andegavensis"[223]. "Gaufredus comitatus Andecavensis naturalis heres" made donations to Marmoutier dated 1055 in which he names "nepotibus meis…Fulcone vincocinensium comite naturali, Gaufredo et altero Fulcone"[224]. He succeeded, after deposing his brother, as FOULQUES IV "le Rechin" Comte d'Anjou. The Chronicon Vindocinense records that "Fulconi fratri Gaufridi comitis Andegavorum" captured "Salmuri castri…Kal Mar" in 1067 and "II Kal Apr" captured and imprisoned "fratrem suum…comes Gaufredus junior…Barbatum" until his death, although another paragraph of the Chronicon dates the capture to 1068[225]. He ceded Château-Landon and Gâtinais to Philippe I King of France in 1069 in return for the king's recognition of his accession as count[226]. He expelled the Normans from Maine but peace was imposed by William I King of England[227]. The necrology of Angers Cathedral records the death "XVIII Kal Mai" of "Fulco…comes Andagavensis nepos Gaufridi prioris Martelli"[228]. The necrology of Vendôme La Trinité records the death "XVIII Kal Mai" of "Fulco comes Andegavorum"[229]. A list of anniversaries of Vendôme La Trinité records the death "XVIII Kal Mai" of "Fulconis comitis qui iacet in Aquaria"[230]. The Chronicon Vindocinense records the death "XVIII Kal Mai" in 1109 of "Fulco comes Andegavorum…frater comitis Gosfridi…Barbatus" and his burial "in monasterio nostro Andegavense S. Trinitatis"[231].

• m firstly ([1068]%29 HILDEGARDE de Baugency, daughter of LANCELIN [II] de Baugency & his wife --- (-before 1070). The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum refers to the first wife of "Fulco Rechin" as "filiam Lancelini de Baugenciaco"[232]. The primary source which confirms her name has not been identified.
• m secondly (1070, divorced) as her first husband, ERMENGARDE de Bourbon, daughter of ARCHAMBAUD [IV] "le Fort" Seigneur de Bourbon & his wife Béliarde ---. The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum names "Ermengardim filiam Archenbaldi Fortis de Borbone" as second wife of "Fulco Rechin", recording that he divorced her[233]. She married secondly Guillaume Seigneur de Jaligny. The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum names her second husband "Guillelmo Jalinniaci ortam" when recording the marriage of her daughter by this second marriage[234].
• m thirdly (21 Jan 1076, divorced 1080) ORENGARDE de Châtelaillon, daughter of ISEMBART Seigneur de Châtelaillon & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the dating clause of a charter dated 21 Jan "1070" (redated to 1076) which records this as the date when "comes Fulco" married "Aurengarde, filia Isemberti de Castello Allione"[235]. Comte Foulque "Rechin" donated property to Saint-Nicolas d’Angers, for the salvation of "sa femme Orengarde", by charter dated 17 May 1076[236]. She became a nun after her divorce.
• m fourthly (after 1080, divorced before 1089) --- de Brienne, daughter of GAUTHIER [I] Comte de Brienne & his wife Eustachie Ctss de Bar-sur-Saône . A manuscript genealogy, dated to the early 12th century, records "Windesmode Ingelbertus et Witdo de Upione, ex Ingelberto Walterius comes de Brena, ex Walterio filia nata est ista quam Fulco comes noster uxorem duxerat"[237]. A genealogy presented by Foulques IV "le Réchin" Comte d'Anjou to the bishop of Angers in [1085], justifying the annulment of his fourth marriage with the daughter of Gauthier Comte de Brienne, lists "ex Letaldo, Albericus natus est, ex Alberico, Beatrix, ex Beatrice, Gosfredus de Castello Landonensi, ex Gaufrido, Gaufridus et Fulco presens"[238].
• m fifthly (1089, divorced [15 May 1092]) as her first husband, BERTRADE de Montfort, daughter of SIMON [I] Comte de Montfort-l'Amaury & his third wife Agnès d'Evreux (-Fontevrault end-1115/1116, bur church of the priory of Hautes-Bruyères, Saint-Remy-l’Honoré, Yvelines). Her parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis[239]. The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum refers to the "third wife" of "Fulco Rechin" as "sororem Amalrici de Monte Forti"[240]. She married secondly (15 May 1092, repudiated 1104) as his second wife, Philippe I King of France (-29 Aug 1108). Orderic Vitalis records that “Bertrada...Andegavorum comitissa”, fearing that her husband was about to treat her like his previous two wives, sought protection from “Philippo regi Francorum” who repudiated his own wife and married her, the ceremony being conducted by “Odo Bajocensis episcopus”[241]. In another passage, Orderic Vitalis records that King Philippe abducted Bertrade from her first husband and married her bigamously[242]. The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses names "Fulconi Richin Andegavensi comiti uxorem suam nomine Bertradam" as second wife of King Philippe whom he abducted from her first husband after repudiating his first wife[243]. William of Tyre records this marriage[244]. Pope Urban II at the Council of Autun excommunicated the king 16 Oct 1094, confirmed at the Council of Clermont 18/28 Nov 1095[245]. The church finally admitted the validity of the marriage after the Council of Paris 2 Dec 1104[246]. Orderic Vitalis alleges that Bertrade tried to poison her stepson Louis so her own sons could succeed to the throne[247]. "Fulco iunior Andegavensium comes Fulconis comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Fontevraud with the consent of "Bertrade regina matre meo, Philipo fratre meo" by charter dated to [1109/1112/13][248].

Foulques IV & his first wife had one child:

a) ERMENGARDE d'Anjou ([1068]-Jerusalem 1 Jun 1146, bur Redon). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the daughter of "Fulco" as "comitissam Redonensem" but does not name her[249]. "Fulco Andegavensis comes" donated property to Angers with the consent of "filiis meis Gaufrido et Fulconello et filia mea Ermengarde" by charter dated 23 Jun 1096[250]. William of Tyre names her "Hermingerda", gives her father's name implying that she was born from his fifth marriage, and names her first husband "Pictaviensium comitis Willelmi", records her divorce and names her second husband "comes Brittaniæ"[251]. The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum records that "comitissa Brittaniæ" was the daughter of Foulques and his first wife "filiam Lancelini de Baugenciaco", adding that she became a nun at "Jerusalem in ecclesia Sanctæ Annæ" after her husband died[252]. The Chronicon Briocensi records the marriage of "Alanus filius primogenitus [Hoelli]" and "Ermengardem filiam Comitis Andegavensis"[253]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Fergannus comes" married “filiam comitis Andegavorum” after the death of his first wife[254]. "Fulco Andecavorum comes nepos Goffridi Martelli…consulis" donated property to Angers with the consent of "Ermenjarde filia sua comitissa Brittaniæ" by charter dated 12 Apr 1109[255]. "Conanus…Britaniaæ dux cum sorore mea Hidevis et matre mea Ermeniart" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé by charter dated 1118, which names "pater meus Alanus et avus Hoel et attavus Alanus"[256]. The necrology of Angers Cathedral records the death "Kal Jun" of "Ermengardis comitissa Britanniæ mater Conan ducis et soror Fulconis regis Hierosolymitani"[257]. The Annals of St Salvator Redon record that "Ermengardeque Alani conjugem, vere piam ac religiosam" was buried at the abbey of Redon[258]. m firstly (1089, divorced 1090) GUILLAUME IX Duke of Aquitaine [GUILLAUME VII Comte de Poitou], son of GUILLAUME VIII Duke of Aquitaine [GUILLAUME VI Comte de Poitou] & his third wife Audearde [Hildegarde] de Bourgogne [Capet] ([22 Oct 1071]-10 Feb 1127). m secondly ([1093]) as his second wife, ALAIN IV "Fergant" Duke of Brittany, son of HOËL de Cornouaïlle & his wife Havise de Bretagne (-13 Oct 1119).

Foulques IV & his second wife had one child:

b) GEOFFROY d'Anjou ([1073]-killed in battle Candé 19 May 1106, bur Anjou Saint-Nicholas). The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum records that "Gosfridum Martellum" was the son of "Fulco Rechin" and his second wife[259]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Gaufridum iuniorem Martellum et Fulconam" as the two sons of "Fulco"[260]. "Fulco Andegavensis comes" donated property to Angers with the consent of "filiis meis Gaufrido et Fulconello et filia mea Ermengarde" by charter dated 23 Jun 1096[261]. William of Tyre names him and his father, implying that he was born from his father's fifth marriage[262]. He was known as GEOFFROY IV "Martel" Comte d'Anjou, during the lifetime of his father but died before he could succeed in his own right. "Goffridus…Andegavorum comes cognomine Martellus" issued a charter dated 1105 against "Mauricius dominus castelli…Credonium" concerning Saint-Clément, founded by "avunculo meo…comite Goffrido…patrem meum Fulconem"[263]. The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum records that "Gosfridum Martellum" was killed in 1106 at "Cande castro" and buried "in ecclesie Beati Nicholai Andegavis"[264]. The necrology of Angers Cathedral records the death "XIII Kal Jun 1106" of "Gaufridus Martellus iunior filius Fulconis interemptus sagitta in obsidione apud Candeium"[265]. Betrothed to EREMBURGE du Maine, daughter and heiress of HELIE de la Flèche Comte du Maine & his first wife Mathilde de Château-du-Loir ([1096]-14 Jan 1126). The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum records that "Gosfridum Martellum" was betrothed to "Helias comes unicam filiam", who later married Geoffroy’s younger half-brother[266].

Comte Foulques IV & his fifth wife had one child:

c) FOULQUES d'Anjou (1092-Acre 13 Nov 1144). The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum records that "Fulco" was the son of "Fulco Rechin" and "sororem Amalrici de Monte Forti", referring to her as his third wife[267]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Gaufridum iuniorem Martellum et Fulconam" as the two sons of "Fulco"[268]. William of Tyre names him and records his parentage[269]. He succeeded his father in 1109 as FOULQUES V "le Jeune" Comte d'Anjou.
https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ANJOU,%20MAINE.htm#FoulquesIVdied1109

Fulk IV / Foulques IV (1043-1109)

• Father: Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais
• Mother: Ermengarde of Anjou (ca 1018-1076)
• Spouse (5)

1. Hildegard de Baugency / m. 1068 – wid. 1070
2. Ermengarde de Bourbon / m. 1070 – div. ca. 1075
3. Orengarde de Châtellailon / m. 1076 – div. 1080
4. Mantie de Bienne / m. 1080 – div. 1087
5. Bertrade de Montfort / m. 1089 – div. 1092?

• Children (3)

1. Ermengarde of Anjou ( - 1146) (by Hildegarde)
2. Geoffrey IV, count of Anjou (by Ermengarde)
3. Fulk of Jerusalem (by Betrade)

• *Hope this helps clear some things up**

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Although the medieval and twelfth century sources agree that the father of Fulk IV and Geoffroy III le Barbu was a count of Gâtinais, they disagree on their father's name, some claiming Aubry (Albericus) and others Geoffroy (Gaufridus, Gosfredus, etc.). Contemporary sources, however, clearly prove that their father's name was Geoffroy. Fulk IV names his parents as Gauffridus and Ermengardis in a donation of 1074×6. Additionally, The Historiæ Andegavensis, supposedly written by Fulk IV, names his parents as Goffridi and Ermengardis ["Ego Fulco Comes Andegavensis, qui filius fui Goffridi de Castro Landono & Ermengardis filiae Fulconis Comitis Andegavensis, & nepos Gofridi Martelli, qui fuit filius ejusdem avi mei Fulconis & frater matris meae, cum tenuissem Consulatum Andegavinum vifinti octo annis ..."]. The Saint-Aubin genealogies, evidently composed during the reign of Fulk IV, not only give the name of the father of Fulk IV and his brother Geoffroy III le Barbu, but provide the maternal ancestry of their father as Beatirx, daughter of Albericus, son of Letaldus ["Letaldus comes Vesconsiosis (et Umbertus comes Matisconiensis fratres fuerunt ...); ex Letaldo Albericus natus est; ex Alberico Beatrix; ex Beatrice Gosfridus comes de Castello Landonensi. Ex Gaufrido Gaufridus et Fulco presens."]. Geoffroy III le Barbu, in a charter of 1060×8 gave a donation for the soul of his uncle and predecessor Geoffroy and his father Geoffroy ["Ipsi vero constitutum habent pro isto beneficio annis singulis facere anniversarium patris mei Gaufridi quod est II kalendas maii, non minus diligenter quam abbatum suorum anniversaria"].

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulk_IV,_Count_of_Anjou

and in French:

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foulque_IV_d%27Anjou

Fulk IV (1043–1109), called le Réchin, was the Count of Anjou from 1068 until his death. The nickname by which he is usually referred has no certain translation. Philologists have made numerous very different suggestions, including "quarreler", "sullen", and "heroic".

Biography

He was the younger son of Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais (sometimes known as Aubri), and Ermengarde of Anjou, a daughter of Fulk the Black, count of Anjou, and sister of Geoffrey Martel, also count of Anjou.

When Geoffrey Martel died without direct heirs he left Anjou to his nephew Geoffrey III of Anjou, Fulk le Réchin's older brother.

Fulk fought with his brother, whose rule was deemed incompetent, and captured him in 1067. Under pressure from the Church he released Geoffrey. The two brothers soon fell to fighting again, and the next year Geoffrey was again imprisoned by Fulk, this time for good.

Substantial territory was lost to Angevin control due to the difficulties resulting from Geoffrey's poor rule and the subsequent civil war. Saintonge was lost, and Fulk had to give the Gâtinais to Philip I of France to placate the king.

Much of Fulk's rule was devoted to regaining control over the Angevin baronage, and to a complex struggle with Normandy for influence in Maine and Brittany.

In 1096 Fulk wrote an incomplete history of Anjou and its rulers titled Fragmentum historiae Andegavensis or "History of Anjou", though the authorship and authenticity of this work is disputed. Only the first part of the history, describing Fulk's ancestry, is extant. The second part, supposedly describing Fulk's own rule, has not been recovered. If he did write it, it is one of the first medieval works of history written by a layman.[1]

Fulk may have married as many as five times; there is some doubt regarding two of the marriages.

His first wife was Hildegarde of Baugency. After her death, before 1070, he married Ermengarde de Borbon, and then possibly Orengarde de Châtellailon. Both these were repudiated (Ermengarde de Borbon in 1075 and Orengarde de Chatellailon in 1080), possibly on grounds of consanguinity.

By 1080 he may have married Mantie, daughter of Walter I of Brienne. This marriage also ended in divorce, in 1087. Finally, he married Bertrade de Montfort, who was apparently "abducted" by King Philip I of France in 1092.

He had two sons. The eldest (a son of Ermengarde de Borbon), Geoffrey IV Martel, ruled jointly with him for some time, but died in 1106. The younger (a son of Bertrade de Montfort) succeeded him as Fulk V.

He also had a daughter by Hildegarde of Baugency, Ermengarde, who married firstly with William IX, count of Poitou and duke of Aquitaine and secondly with Alan IV, Duke of Brittany.

Count of Anjou

Reign 1068 – 1109

Predecessor Geoffrey III

Successor Fulk V

Joint rule Geoffrey IV, Count of Anjou (until 1106)

Spouse Hildegarde of Baugency ? - ca. 1070

Ermengarde de Bourbon ? - ca. 1075

Orengarde de Châtellailon ? - ca. 1080

Mantie of Brienne 1080-1087

Bertrade de Montfort 1087 - 1092?

Issue

(by Hildegarde) Ermengarde of Anjou (d. 1146)

(by Ermengarde) Geoffrey IV, Count of Anjou

(by Bertrade) Fulk of Jerusalem

House Angevin

Father Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais

Mother Ermengarde of Anjou

Born 1043

Died 1109

Fulk IV "Rechin" 7th Count of Anjou "The Quarrelller"

Duke of Anjou 1067 - 1109

Battle of Hastings (?) Supplied 40 ships

b 1043

d 14 Apr 1109

Parents: Aubri-Geoffrey of Gatinais & Ermengarde of Anjou

Spouse 1: Hildegarde de Baugency d by 1070

Child: Hermengarde d' Anjou m Alain Fergant IV

Spouse 2: Ermengarde de Bourbon m abt 1070

Child: Geoffrey IV Martel, 8th Count of Anjou, assassinated in 1106

Spouse 3:? Orengarde de Châtellailon

Spouse 1: Bertrade de Montfort

Child: Foulques V of Anjou m Ermengarde du Maine

Spouse 5?: Mantie, divorced 1087

Sources:

1. 15. "Ancestral roots of certain American colonists who came to America before 1700", Frederick Lewis Weis, 1992, seventh edition. and/or " Ancestral Roots Of Sixty Colonists", 6th edition, Line 50, by Dr. Frederich Lewis Weis.

2. 52 "British Kings & Queens" by Mike Ashley, Carroll & Graf Publications, Inc, 1998 (in Lady Anne's library)

The oft-married Count Fulk IV of Anjou was married to the mother of his son in 1089, when the lovely Bertrade caught his eye. According to the chronicler John of Marmoutier:

"The lecherous Fulk then fell passionately in love with the sister of Amaury of Montfort, whom no good man ever praised save for her beauty. For her sake, he divorced the mother of Geoffrey II Martel..."

Bertrade and Fulk were married, and they became the parents of a son, Fulk, but in 1092 Bertrade left her husband and took up with King Philip I of France. Philip married her on May 15, 1092, despite the fact that they both had spouses living. He was so enamoured of Bertrade that he refused to leave her even when threatened with excommunication. Pope Urban II did excommunicate him in 1095, and Philip was prevented from taking part in the First Crusade.

Astonishingly, Bertrade even persuaded Philip and Fulk to become friends.

Fulk IV

b. 1043, Château Landon, Fr.

d. April 14, 1109, Angers

byname FULK THE SURLY, FRENCH FOULQUES LE RÉCHIN , count of Anjou(1068-1109).

Geoffrey II Martel, son of Fulk III, pursued the policy of expansion begun by his father but left no sons as heirs. The countship went to his eldest nephew, Geoffrey III the Bearded. But the latter's brother, Fulk, discontented over having inherited only a few small appanages, took advantage of the general discontent aroused by Geoffrey III's inept rule, seized Saumur and Angers (1067), and cast Geoffrey first into prison at Sablé and later in the confines of Chinon castle (1068). Fulk's reign then had to endure a series of conflicts against the several barons, Philip I of France, and the duke of Normandy. He lost some lands but secured, through battle and marriage, the countship of Maine for his son, Fulk V.

Copyright c 1994-2001 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

https://fasg.org/projects/henryproject/data/fulk0004.htm