Berengar II of Ivrea, king of Italy

BERENGARIO d´Ivrea
son of ADALBERTO I Conte e Marchese d'Ivrea & his first wife Gisela di Friulia ([900]-in prison Bamberg 6 Jul 966, bur Regensburg).

x ( [930/31] ) WILLA d’Arles, daughter of BOSO Comte d’Avignon Marchese of Tuscany & his wife Willa --- ([910]-Bamberg after 966).

1. ADALBERTO d´Ivrea ([932/936]-Autun 30 Apr 971[545]).
2. GUIDO d´Ivrea ([940]-killed in battle on the Po 25 Jun 965).
3. CORRADO CONO d´Ivrea (-[998/1001]).
4. GISLA d´Ivrea .
5. GILBERGA d´Ivrea (945-).
6. ROZALA [Suzanne] d´Ivrea ([950/960]-13 Dec 1003 or 7 Feb 1004, bur Gent, church of the Abbey de Saint-Pierre du Mont-Blandin).
7. [BERTA . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess of San Sisto at Piacenza 952.]

• http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20ITALY%20900-1100.htm#Ber...

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• http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/berengario-ii-marchese-d-ivrea-...
• https://www.italiamedievale.org/portale/berengario-ii-re-ditalia/?l...
• https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8RR-S6X

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• /!\ https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8716691b/f450.image - " ...femme nommée Iunca fut fille de Berengier roy d'Italie: De la quelle il eut troys filz, I'vn nommé Fredericus, qui fut Pape....."
  • a disputed daughter named Iunca as wife of Gothelo “the Great”
    • as disputed mother of Frederick of Lorraine, pope Stephen IX

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• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berengar_II_of_Italy

Berengar II (c. 900 – 4 August 966) was the King of Italy from 950 until his deposition in 961. He was a scion of the Anscarid and Unruoching dynasties, and was named after his maternal grandfather, Berengar I. He succeeded his father as Margrave of Ivrea around 923 (whence he is often known as Berengar of Ivrea), and after 940 led the aristocratic opposition to Kings Hugh and Lothair II. In 950 he succeeded the latter and had his son, Adalbert crowned as his co-ruler. In 952 he recognised the suzerainty of Otto I of Germany, but he later joined a revolt against him. In 960 he invaded the Papal States, and the next year his kingdom was conquered by Otto. Berengar remained at large until his surrender in 964. He died imprisoned in Germany two years later.

Ruling Ivrea (923–50)

Berengar was a son of Margrave Adalbert I of Ivrea and his wife Gisela of Friuli, daughter of the Unruoching king Berengar I of Italy. He succeeded his father as margrave about 923 and married Willa, daughter of the Bosonid margrave Boso of Tuscany and niece of King Hugh of Italy. The chronicler Liutprand of Cremona, raised at Berengar's court at Pavia, gives several particularly vivid accounts of her character.[1]

About 940 Berengar led a revolt of Italian nobles against the rule of his uncle. To evade an assault by Hugh's liensmen, he, forewarned by the king's young son Lothair, had to flee to the court of King Otto I of Germany. Otto avoided taking sides; nevertheless, in 945 Berengar was able to return to Italy with hired troops, welcomed by the local nobility. Hugh was defeated and retired to Arles, and he was nominally succeeded by Lothair. From the time of Berengar's successful uprising, all real power and patronage in the Kingdom of Italy was concentrated in his hands, with Hugh's son Lothair as titular king. Lothair's brief reign ended upon his early death in 950, presumably poisoned.

Ruling Italy (950–61)

Berengar then assumed the royal title with his son Adalbert as co-ruler. He attempted to legitimize his kingship by forcing Lothair's widow Adelaide, the respective daughter, daughter-in-law, and widow of the last three Italian kings, into marriage with Adalbert. However, the young woman fiercely refused, whereafter Berengar had her imprisoned at Garda Castle, allegedly mistreated by Berengar's wife Willa. With the help of Count Adalbert Atto of Canossa she managed to flee and entreated the protection of King Otto of Germany. Otto, himself a widower since 946, took the occasion to gain the Iron Crown of Lombardy: Adelaide's requests for intervention resulted in his 951 invasion of Italy. Berengar had to entrench himself at San Marino, while Otto received the homage of the Italian nobility, married Adelaide himself, and assumed the title of a King of the Lombards. He afterwards returned to Germany, appointing his son-in-law Conrad the Red Italian regent at Pavia.

Berengar by Conrad's agency appeared at the 952 Reichstag in Augsburg and paid homage to Otto. He and his son Adalbert remained Italian kings as Otto's vassals, though they had to cede the territory of the former March of Friuli to him, which the German king enfeoffed to his younger brother Duke Henry I of Bavaria as the Imperial March of Verona. When Otto had to deal with the revolt of his son, Duke Liudolf of Swabia in 953, Berengar attacked the Veronese march and also laid siege to Count Adalbert Atto's Canossa Castle.

Losing control and death (961-966)

In 960, Berengar invaded the Papal States under Pope John XII, on whose appeal finally King Otto, aiming at his coronation as Holy Roman Emperor, again marched against Italy. Berengar's troops deserted him and Otto by Christmas 961 had taken Pavia by default and declared Berengar deposed. He proceeded to Rome, where he was crowned emperor on 2 February 962. He then once more turned against Berengar, who was besieged at San Leo.

Meanwhile, Pope John had entered on negotiations with Berengar's son Adalbert, which in 963 caused Otto to move into Rome, where he deposed the pope and had Pope Leo VIII elected. The next year, Berengar finally surrendered to Otto's forces, he was captured and imprisoned at Bamberg in Germany, where he died in August 966.[2] His wife Willa spent the rest of her life in a German nunnery.

-http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20ITALY%20900-1100.htm#Ber...

BERENGARIO d´Ivrea, son of ADALBERTO I Conte e Marchese d'Ivrea & his first wife Gisela di Friulia ([900]-in prison Bamberg 6 Jul 966, bur Regensburg). Liutprand names Berengar as son of "Adelberto Eporegiæ civitatis marchione [et]…Gisla Berengarii regis filia"[537]. He took part in the battle of Firenzuola against his maternal grandfather. He succeeded his father in [923/24] as BERENGARIO II Marchese d'Ivrea. In [940], he was forced to flee Ivrea by Ugo King of Italy who abolished the March of Ivrea. He was invited to the court of King Ugo, who intended to blind him, but was warned by Ugo's son Lothar and made his escape. He found refuge with Hermann Duke of Swabia, and later settled at the court of Otto I King of Germany. After returning to Italy in 945, he defeated King Ugo who was declared deposed by a diet at Milan, although Berengario allowed him to retain the title of king and himself assumed the title summus consiliarius[538]. He was proclaimed BERENGARIO II King of Italy by a general diet at Pavia 15 Dec 950, after the death of Lothar King of Italy. However, King Otto invaded Italy, on the pretext of King Berengario's mistreatment of Adelais, the wife of his predecessor King Lothar, and himself took the title King of Italy at Pavia 23 Sep 951. Having submitted to Otto, Berengario proposed himself as viceroy in Italy, which was accepted by the council of Augsburg Aug 952. Berengario reasserted his independence. Otto sent his son Liudolf to reimpose order, but the latter died there of fever in 957. After several further years of tyrannical rule, Otto invaded Italy again in Aug 961 in response to requests for his intervention from Pope John XII and Hubert [de Provence] Duke of Spoleto, one of Berengario's main vassals. He forced Berengario's retreat to the fortress of San Giulio near Montefeltro in 962. He finally captured Berengario in 963, and took him as a prisoner to Bamberg, where he died soon after[539]. The necrology of Fulda records the death "966 2 Non Aug" of "Berenger rex"[540]. Regino records the death of Berengario and his burial at Regensburg[541].

m ( [930/31] ) WILLA d’Arles, daughter of BOSO Comte d’Avignon Marchese of Tuscany & his wife Willa --- ([910]-Bamberg after 966). "Bertam, Willam, Richildam et Gislam" are named (in order) as the four daughters of Boso and Willa by Liutprand[542]. Willa is named "rex Hugo neptim suam…ex Willa uxore sua Boso Tusciæ provinciæ marchio regis frater" by Liutprand when he records her marriage to Berengario[543]. She ordered the imprisonment of Adelheid, widow of her husband's predecessor Lothar [de Provence] King of Italy. She retreated with her husband to the fortress of San Giulio in the face of Otto King of Germany's invasion, but was captured and taken to Bamberg with Berengario. Regino records that Willa became a nun after her husband died before he was buried[544].

Berengario & his wife had [seven] children: 

• 1. ADALBERTO d´Ivrea ([932/936]-Autun 30 Apr 971[545]). Liudprand names "Adalbertus" as son of "Berengarius"[546]. His father installed him in 951 as ADALBERTO associate-King of Italy. When Otto I King of Germany invaded Italy in 962, Adalberto retreated with his brother Guido to fortresses near Lakes Como and Garda. Conspiring with Pope John XII, he entered Rome in Oct 963 but was put to flight by Emperor Otto in the following month, along with Pope John whom Otto deposed for his betrayal. Adalberto wandered the Mediterranean for three years unsuccessfully attempting to find support, and eventually retired to lands in the valley of the Saône. m (before [960/62]%29 as her first husband, GERBERGE, daughter of --- & his wife Adélaïde [de Bourgogne] ([945]-11 Dec [986/991]). Her name and her two marriages are confirmed by the Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne, interpolated into the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines, which names "Guilelmum Ottonem et eius matrem Gerbergam" when recording that her son was adopted by his mother's second husband "dux Burgundie Henricus"[547]. Her birth date is estimated from the estimated birth date of her son in [960/62]. The Vita of Hugues Comte de Chalon refers to his (unnamed) sister as having married the Duke of Burgundy[548]. Chronologically, this refers most probably to Duke Henri who died in 1002, although the original of this document has not yet been consulted to check whether the wording supports this conclusion. Gerberge's origin has not yet been corroborated in the other primary sources so far consulted. The Vita appears to indicate that she was Gerberge, daughter of Lambert Comte de Chalon, but this raises several problems if it is correct. Firstly, on the death without direct heirs in 1039 of her supposed brother Hugues Comte de Chalon, the county was inherited by the comparatively obscure children of his younger sister Mathilde, apparently ignoring the superior claims of Gerberge's own numerous descendants, among whom were the powerful counts palatine of Burgundy who would presumably not have missed the opportunity of acquiring another county. Rodulfus Glaber does record that "Hugo filius Lanberti Cabilonensis comitis…episcopus Autissioderi" was an opponent of "Willemus, Henrici ducis priuignus, Adalberti Longobardorum ducis filius"[549], which could explain why Bishop Hugues favoured his nephew by his younger sister to succeed to his county. Nevertheless, after the bishop's death, his past opposition to Comte Otto-Guillaume may have provided an excuse for his son to intervene in the Chalon succession if he had a legitimate claim. Secondly, considering the likely birth date of her son, Gerberge's first marriage must have taken place while her husband and father-in-law were still reigning kings of Italy. They were under continuous pressure from Otto I King of Germany and it is likely that Adalberto's marriage could have brought additional political support. It is not clear how the relatively obscure count of Chalon could have provided this support. Thirdly, after the death in 978 of Lambert Comte de Chalon, and his widow's second marriage to Geoffroy I Comte d'Anjou, no record has been found of Henri Duke of Burgundy intervening to prevent Comte Geoffroy taking control of the county of Chalon, which would have been the likely course of action if his wife was the deceased count's oldest child. Fourthly, Gerberge's estimated birth date creates serious chronological problems if she was the daughter of Lambert's only known wife Adelais. In conclusion, considerable doubt appears to subsist concerning this origin of Gerberge, although no alternative can so far be proposed if we are to respect the wording of the Vita. She married secondly Henri Duke of Burgundy [Capet]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 11 Dec of "Gerberga comitissa uxor Henrici ducis"[550]. Adalberto & his wife had [two] children:
  • a) GUGLIELMO d´Ivrea ([960/62]-Dijon 21 Sep 1026). Rodulfus Glaber names "Willemus, Henrici ducis priuignus, Adalberti Longobardorum ducis filius" and records that, as a boy, he was secretly stolen from the land of the Lombards and restored to his mother with no small cunning by a certain monk[551]. "Einricus…imperator" confirmed the property of the abbey of Fruttuaria, referring to property donated by "Otto qui et Vuillielmus comes filius Adalberti nepos Berengarii regis", by charter dated 1014[552]. It is assumed from this that he was imprisoned as a child by Emperor Otto I in Italy after his father and paternal grandfather were deposed as kings of Italy. The Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne, interpolated into the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines, names "Guilelmum Ottonem et eius matrem Gerbergam" when recording that he was adopted by his mother's second husband "dux Burgundie Henricus"[553]. He adopted the name OTHON-GUILLAUME. He succeeded as OTHON [I] Comte de Mâcon, by right of his first wife. - COMTES de MÂCON.
  • b) [WILLIBIRG. Jackman suggests[554] that the mother of Hunfried canon at Strasbourg was the daughter of Adalberto associate King of Italy. He bases this on onomastic reasons, in particular the importation of the Ivrean name Berengar into the family of Liutold and the use of "Willa" among the ancestors of Adalbert King of Italy. However, another origin is suggested by the necrology of Zwiefalten which records the death "XIV Kal Dec" of "Unruoch proavus Liutoldi comitis"[555]. If this great grandfather were the father of Willibirg, it may also explain how the name Berenger entered the family, assuming Unruoch was related to the Unruochingi Counts of Friulia. m LIUTOLD Graf im Sundgau, son of KONRAD Duke of Swabia [Konradiner] & his wife Richlint of Germany.]
• 2. GUIDO d´Ivrea ([940]-killed in battle on the Po 25 Jun 965). The Gesta Mediolanensium names (in order) "Widone, Adelberto et Conone" as sons of King Berengario (although Adalberto was presumably the oldest son as his father installed him as associated king), specifying that "Widone" was killed soon after his father's capture[556]. Marchese d'Ivrea (957-62). He conquered Spoleto and Camerino in 959. When Otto I King of Germany invaded in 962, Guido retreated with his brother Adalberto to fortresses near Lakes Como and Garda. "Otto…imperator augustus" gave property "in comitatu Motinense seu Boloniense" previously held by "Uuidoni quondam marchioni seu Conrado qui et Cono…filiis Berengarii seu Uuille ipsius Berengarii uxoris eorumque matris" to Guido Bishop of Modena by charter dated 12 Sep 963[557]. The necrology of Merseburg records the death "25 Jun" of "Vuido filius Berengaris regis"[558].
• 3. CORRADO CONO d´Ivrea (-[998/1001]). The Gesta Mediolanensium names (in order) "Widone, Adelberto et Conone" as sons of King Berengario, specifying that "Conone" made peace with the emperor[559]. Marchese of Milan [957-61]. "Otto…imperator augustus" gave property "in comitatu Motinense seu Boloniense" previously held by "Uuidoni quondam marchioni seu Conrado qui et Cono…filiis Berengarii seu Uuille ipsius Berengarii uxoris eorumque matris" to Guido Bishop of Modena by charter dated 12 Sep 963[560]. He abandoned his brother Adalberto, recognising the authority of the emperor, and was installed in [965] as CORRADO Marchese d'Ivrea. "Corado qui et Cona marchio, f. bonæ memoriæ Berengarii regis, et Yhilda filia Ardoini marchionis, jugales" donated property to the church of Vercelli by charter dated 1 Oct 987[561]. "Conradus marchio, Berengarii regis filius et Richilda uxor" donated property to the church of Milan by charter dated 989[562]. m (before 1 Oct 987) RICHILDA, daughter of ARDOINO "Glabrio" Marchese of Turin & his wife --- (-after 989). "Corado qui et Cona marchio, f. bonæ memoriæ Berengarii regis, et Yhilda filia Ardoini marchionis, jugales" donated property to the church of Vercelli by charter dated 1 Oct 987[563]. "Conradus marchio, Berengarii regis filius et Richilda uxor" donated property to the church of Milan by charter dated 989[564].
• 4. GISLA d´Ivrea . "Gislam [et]…Girbergam" are named as daughters of Berengar and Willa by Liutprand[565]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Nun, living 965. [566][m RAMBOLDO [II], son of [RAMBOLDO [I] & his wife ---] (-before 1040). According to the Almanach de Gotha, Ramboldo I was ancestor of the family Collalto[567]. According to Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, he was sent to Treviso by Otto I King of Germany 14 Nov 944[568]. Ancestors of the Conti di Treviso e Collalto.]
• 5. GILBERGA d´Ivrea (945-). "Gislam [et]…Girbergam" are named as daughters of Berengar and Willa by Liutprand[569]. "Berengarius et Adelbertus filius eius…Reges" confirmed a donation to the abbey of Grazano by "Aledramus Marchio filius Gulielmi Comitis et Gilberga filius D. Berengarii Regis, et Anselmus seu Oddo germani lege viventes Salica", for the soul of "quondam Gulielmi qui fuit filius et filiaster atque germanus noster", by charter dated Aug 951[570]. The dating of this charter is dubious, assuming that Gilberga´s date of birth is correct as shown above. m (before Aug 961) as his second wife, ALERAMO Signor del Marchio del Monferrato, son of Conte GUGLIELMO [Monferrato] & his wife --- (-[967/91]).
• 6. ROZALA [Suzanne] d´Ivrea ([950/960]-13 Dec 1003 or 7 Feb 1004, bur Gent, church of the Abbey de Saint-Pierre du Mont-Blandin). Regino records that two of the daughters (unnamed) of ex-King Berengario were brought up in the imperial palace by the empress after being brought to Germany[571]. One of these two daughters was presumably Rozala, bearing in mind that the emperor arranged her marriage. The Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana names "filiam Berengeri regis Langobardorum, Ruzelam quæ et Susanna" as wife of Comte Arnoul[572]. The Annales Elnonenses Minores record the marriage [undated between 950 and 968] of "Arnulfus iunior" and "filiam Beregeri regis Susannam"[573]. Her marriage was presumably arranged by Emperor Otto to increase his influence in Flanders at a time when Lothaire IV King of the West Franks was asserting his own control over the county. According to Nicholas, Count Arnoul II married Rozala d´Ivrea when he reached the age of majority in 976[574], but the source on which this is based has not been located. "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi", by charter dated 1 Apr 988, signed by "…Waldberto advocato, Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite, Artoldo comite, Baldwino comite, item Arnulfo comite…"[575]. The Vita Sancti Bertulfi names "Rozala filia…Berengarii Regis Italiæ", specifying that "post mortem Arnulfi [Balduini filius] principis, Roberto Regi Francorum nupsit et Susanna dicta"[576]. Kerrebrouck, presumably basing his supposition on this passage from the Vita Sancti Bertulfi, says that she adopted the name Suzanne on her second marriage[577], but the sources quoted above show that she was referred to by this name earlier. Hugues "Capet" King of France arranged her second marriage to his son and heir, apparently as a reward for Flemish help when he seized power in 987[578]. She was given Montreuil-sur-Mer by the county of Flanders as her dowry on her second marriage. Richer records that King Robert repudiated his wife "Susannam…genere Italicam eo quod anus esset" but refused to allow her to retake her castle at Montreuil, whereupon she constructed another nearby[579]. She returned to Flanders after she was repudiated by her second husband, and became one of the principal advisers of her son Count Baldwin IV. France retained Montreuil-sur-Mer. "Susanna regina cum filio suo Baldwino" donated "alodem suum…Atingehem…et in Testereph" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "filie sue Mathildis", by charter dated 26 Jun 995[580]. "Susanna regina…cum filio suo Baldwino" donated "alodem suum…in pago Flandrensi…in Holtawa…in Fresnere…in Clemeskirca…in Jatbeka…in Sclefteta…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1 Jun 1003[581]. The Annales Elnonenses Minores records the death in 1003 of "Susanna regina"[582]. The Memorial of "regina Susanna" records her death "VII Feb"[583]. m firstly ([968][584]%29 ARNOUL II “le Jeune” Count of Flanders, son of BAUDOUIN III joint Count of Flanders & his wife Mechtild of Saxony [Billung] ([961/62]-30 Mar 987, bur Ghent). m secondly (988 before 1 Apr, repudiated [991/92]) as his first wife, ROBERT Associate-King of France, son of HUGUES Capet King of France & his wife Adelais d’Aquitaine (Orléans ([27 Mar] 972-Château de Melun 20 Jul 1031, bur église de l'Abbaye royale de Saint-Denis). He succeeded his father in 996 as ROBERT II "le Pieux" King of France.
• 7. [BERTA . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess of San Sisto at Piacenza 952.]

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Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy M, #3913, b. circa 900, d. 6 August 966 Last Edited=10 May 2003

    Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy was born circa 900. He was the son of Abelbreta d'Ivrea and Gisella (?). He married Willa di Toscana, daughter of Boson di Toscana, Marchese di Toscana and Willa II di Borgogna, before 936. He died on 6 August 966.

    Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy gained the title of King Berengar II of Italy in 950. He was deposed as King of Italy in 963. Children of Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy and Willa di Toscana -1. Urraca d'Ivrea+ -2. Adalbert, King of Italy d. c 9721 -2. Rozela d'Ivrea+ b. bt 950 - 960, d. 25 Jan 1003

Forrás / Source: http://www.thepeerage.com/p392.htm#i3913

http://www.thepeerage.com/p7514.htm#i75135 Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy M, #3913, b. circa 900, d. 6 August 966

Last Edited=10 May 2003

    Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy was born circa 900. He was the son of Abelbreta d'Ivrea and Gisella (?). He married Willa di Toscana, daughter of Boson di Toscana, Marchese di Toscana and Willa II di Borgogna, before 936. He died on 6 August 966.

    Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy gained the title of King Berengar II of Italy in 950. He was deposed as King of Italy in 963. Children of Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy and Willa di Toscana Urraca d'Ivrea+ Adalbert, King of Italy1 d. c 972 Rozela d'Ivrea+ b. bt 950 - 960, d. 25 Jan 1003

Citations [S38] John Morby, Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook (Oxford, Oxfordshire, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 98. Hereinafter cited as Dynasties of the World.

From http://www.rpi.edu/~holmes/Hobbies/Genealogy/ps05/ps05_142.htm

Also called BERENGARIO, MARCHESE D'IVREA E DI GISLA, grandson of Berengar I and king of Italy from 950 to 952.

Berengar was important in the career of the German king and Holy Roman emperor Otto I the Great. For several months in 951 he held captive Adelaide, the daughter and widow of kings of Italy; she escaped and married Otto, who assumed the title of king of the Lombards and made Berengar his vassal. Later (from 960) Berengar and his son Adalbert attacked Pope John XII, on whose appeal Otto marched into Rome and was crowned emperor (962). John's subsequent negotiations with Berengar caused Otto to depose the pope and imprison Berengar in Germany (963).

Forced to do homage to German King Otto I in 952. Died in captivity.

Alternate spelling: Berengarius

References: [Weis1],[ES],[PlantagenetA],[WallopFH],[Paget1], [AR7]

Courtesy of fantastically full family tree cf.:

Hughes of Gwerclas 1/2/3/4:

http://www.maximiliangenealogy.co.uk/burke1/Royal%20Descents/hughes...

http://www.maximiliangenealogy.co.uk/burke1/Royal%20Descents/hughes...

http://www.maximiliangenealogy.co.uk/burke1/Royal%20Descents/hughes...

http://www.maximiliangenealogy.co.uk/burke1/Royal%20Descents/hughes...