Alaric II, king of the Visigoths

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Alaric II, king of the Visigoths

• Regnal titles: King of the Visigoths 28 December 484 – 507
• Reign 28 December 484 – c. August 507
• Preceded by: Euric
• Succeeded by: Gesalec
• Died: August 507
• House: Balti dynasty
• Parents: Euric and Ragnagild
• Spouses: 1) unknown 2) Theodegotha

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Biography

Alaric II (Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃, Alareiks, "ruler of all";[1] Latin: Alaricus; c. 458/466 – August 507) was the King of the Visigoths from 484 until 507. He succeeded his father Euric as king of the Visigoths in Toulouse on 28 December 484;[2] he was the great-grandson of the more famous Alaric I, who sacked Rome in 410. He established his capital at Aire-sur-l'Adour (Vicus Julii) in Aquitaine. His dominions included not only the majority of Hispania (excluding its northwestern corner) but also Gallia Aquitania and the greater part of an as-yet undivided Gallia Narbonensis.

Alaric II, also known as Alarik, Alarich, and Alarico in Spanish and Portuguese or Alaricus in Latin (d. 507) succeeded his father Euric in 485 and became eighth king of the Visigoths. He established his capital at Aire-sur-l'Adour (Vicus Julii). His dominions included not only the whole of Hispania except its north-western corner but also Gallia Aquitania and the greater part of an as-yet undivided Gallia Narbonensis. [edit] Reign

In 486 Alaric II denied refuge to Syagrius, the former ruler of the Domain of Soissons (in what is now north western France) who was defeated by Clovis I King of the Franks. Alarmed by a summons from Clovis, Alaric imprisoned and repatriated Syagrius back to Clovis I, where he was beheaded. Illustration of Alaric II at Biblioteca Nacional de España

In 506, the Visigoths captured the city of Dertosa in the Ebro valley. There they captured the Roman usurper Peter and had him executed.

In religion Alaric was an Arian, like all the early Visigothic nobles, but he greatly mitigated the persecution policy of his father Euric toward the Catholics and authorized them to hold in 506AD the council of Agde. He was on uneasy terms with the Catholic bishops of Arelate (modern Arles) as epitomized in the career of the Frankish Caesarius, bishop of Arles, born at Châlons and appointed bishop in 503. Caesarius was suspected of conspiring with the Burgundians, whose king had married the sister of Clovis, to allow the Burgundians to take over Arles. Alaric exiled him for a year at Bordeaux in Aquitania, then allowed him to return unharmed when the crisis had passed (Wace, Dictionary).

He displayed similar wisdom in political affairs by appointing a commission to prepare an abstract of the Roman laws and imperial decrees, which would form the authoritative code for his Roman subjects. This is generally known as the Breviarium Alaricianum or Breviary of Alaric. [edit] Battle of Vouillé and aftermath The Kingdom of the Visigoths under Alaric II.

Alaric endeavoured strictly to maintain the treaty which his father had concluded with the Franks. The Frankish king Clovis I, however, desired to obtain the Gothic province in Gaul and he found a pretext for war in the Arianism of Alaric. The intervention of Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths and father-in-law of Alaric, proved unavailing. The two armies met in 507 at the Battle of Vouillé, near Poitiers, where the Goths were defeated and Alaric the king, who tried to flee, was captured and slain, it is said, by Clovis personally. As a consequence of their defeat the Visigoths lost all their possessions in Gaul to the Franks, except Septimania (i.e. the western region of Gallia Narbonensis, which includes the contemporary Arles and the Provence).

Alaric's heirs were his eldest son, the illegitimate Gesalec, and his younger son, the legitimate Amalaric who was still a child. Gesalec proved incompetent, and in 511 King Theodoric assumed the throne of the kingdom ostensibly on behalf of Amalaric - Heather uses the word "hijacked" to describe his action. Although Amalaric eventually became king in his own right, the political continuity of the Visigothic kingdom was broken; "Amalaric's succession was the result of new power structures, not old ones," as Heather describes it. With Amalaric's death in 531, the Visigothic kingdom entered an extended period of unrest which lasted until Leovigild assumed the throne in 568.[13]

Family

Parents:

• Father: Euric I, King of the Visigoths (b. after 435, d. Dec. 484 in Arles of natural causes)
• Mother: Ragnahild, daughter of an unknown king

Siblings:

• 1. Unknown sister, married Ricimer, Magister Militum, Patricius, and power behind the throne of the remnants of the Western Roman Empire (d. 18 August 472, four years before Odoacer toppled the Empire).

Spouse and mistress and their children:

• Mistress: Unknown.
  • 1. Gesalic, proclaimed King of the Visigoths at Narbonne in 507 in opposition to 5 year old Amalric. Defeated by Amalric's grandfather Theoderic the Great of the Ostrogoths in 510, deposed to Barcelona, then Carthago. Captured and killed while traveling to Burgundy to arrange alliance with Burgundian King in 512-514.
• Wife: Theodegotha or Thiudigotho, the Ostrogoth (b. c 473 according to Wikipedia)
  • 2. Amalric, proclaimed King of the Visigoths at Toulouse, but challenged by half brother, until his grandfather, Theodoric the Great, stepped in. Theodoric proclaimed himself King of the Visigoths in 511 (when Amalric was 9). In 526 he was restored to the throne (age 24). Was defeated and killed in battle personally by his brother-in-law Childebert of the Franks after his sister, Chlotilde, wife of Amalric, was so badly maltreated that she died enroute to Paris after being rescued by Childebert.

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Basic information:

Birth: c458, according to FMG. (Wikipedia entries appear to not assign a birth date.) Place is likely to be Toulouse, given that this was the Visigoth "capital" at the time. (His uncle Theoderic II, Visigoth king around the time of his birth, "returned" to Toulouse in March 457 according to FMG. He was killed 9 years later in a plot that likely involved his father.)

Baptism: Unknown. (He was an Arian Christian.)

Marriage: 494 with Theodegotho; according to Jordanes, in Italy.

Death: Battle of Vouillé near Poitiers, late Summer 507, in hand-to-hand combat ("overtaken in flight" from the battle scene) with King Clovis of the Franks. (The Franks apparently invaded in violation of a treaty made five years earlier between the two kings, using the pretext of religion - Clovis was Catholic while Alaric was Arian.)

Burial: Unknown (he may not have been accorded a burial as a "heretic," given that he died in a battle of what appears to have been a "holy war").

Occupation: King of the Visigoths (484-507), in Spanish: Rey de los Visigodos.

Alternate names: Alaric in English, Alarico in Spanish, Alaricus in Latin. Also Alarik and Alarich.

From the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy page on Toulouse Kings (covering both birth family and married life):

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/TOULOUSE.htm#_Toc225040395

EURIC 466-484, ALARIC II 484-507, GESALIC 507-511, AMALRIC 507-531

EURIC, son of THEODERIC I King of the Visigoths & his [wife/concubine] --- ([after 435]-Arles [Dec] 484).

• Iordanes names (in order) "Friderichum et Eurichum, Retemerim et Himnerith" as four of the sons of "Theoderido", specifying that their father took his two older sons "Thorismud et Theodericum maiores natu" when he fought at the battle of the Catalaunian Fields, dated to 451[94].
• He was elected to succeed in 466 as EURIC King of the Visigoths. Wolfram refers to the gift to his mother in [466/67] of a bowl inscribed with verses by Sidonius which refer to her son, and speculates that King Euric was about 26 years old when he assumed power[95]. Iordanes records that Euric was suspected of involvement in the death of Theoderic[96].
• He expanded Visigoth controlled territory to the north and south of the Pyrenees, achieving substantial control over the Iberian Peninsula with the exception of Galicia[97]. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Euricus” devastated “Lusitaniam” and captured “Pampilonam et Cæsaraugustam”, and also was the first to promulgate laws for the Goths[98].
• Iordanes records that Euric captured Auvergne[99]. Emperor Anthemius conceded Auvergne to King Euric in 475, in return for Provence which the Visigoths had captured two years earlier but which was recaptured by Euric in 476[100].
• King Euric proclaimed the Visigothic monarchy as an independent state in south-western France in 476, after the deposition of Emperor Romulus "Augustulus", last Roman Emperor, by the Ostrogoths[101]. Wolfram suggests that the Visigothic kingdom did not de jure separate itself from the empire[102], although it is not clear what "empire" remained after the overthrow of the last Roman emperor. He made peace with Odovacar, the Ostrogoth King of Italy, agreeing the Alps as the border between the two kingdoms[103].
• The Franks attacked Visigothic territory in south-west France in the 490s, particularly Saintes and Bordeaux, which probably encouraged Visigothic emigration to Spain[104]. According to Gregory of Tours, Euric King of the Goths crossed from Spain and persecuted Christians in Gaul[105], although this statement appears inconsistent with Visigothic expansion being in the other direction during Euric's reign.
• During the reign of King Euric, Visigothic legal statutes, known as codex Euricianus, were first committed to writing.
• He died a natural death, unlike all his predecessors. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Euricus” reigned for 26 years and died “Arelate” under Emperor Zeno[106]. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that “Euricus” reigned for 15, otherwise 17, years[107].

m (before [458]) RAGNAHILD, daughter of King ---.

• Sidonius names "reginæ Ragnahildæ" in a letter which also refers to her young son[108].

King Euric and [his wife] had one son:

1. ALARIC ([458]-killed in battle Poitiers late summer 507).

• Iordanes names "Eurichus…filius Alarichus" when recording his succession after the death of his father[109]. He was elected to succeed his father at Toulouse 28 Dec 484 as ALARIC II King of the Visigoths.
• The main body of Visigoths entered Spain during his reign, largely resulting from military pressure from the Franks in the north[110].
• King Alaric II formed an alliance with the Ostrogoths and sent military help in 490 in support of Theodoric in his struggle with Odovacar King of Italy[111]. The alliance was later confirmed by King Alaric's marriage to King Theodoric's daughter.
• Faced with continuing Frankish military expansion, King Alaric met Clovis King of the Franks in 502 on an island in the Loire near Amboise and agreed the River Loire as the frontier separating the two kingdoms[112].
• He was responsible for compiling the Breviary Lex Romana Visigothorum, a Roman law-book, and supported a catholic church council at Agde in 506[113].
• He was defeated and killed by Clovis King of the Franks at the campus Vogladensis[114], probably Voulan, near Poitiers, athough this is popularly known as the battle of Vouillé[115], which marked the end of Visigothic authority over the territory around Toulouse. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Alaricus” was killed by “Huduildus rex Francorum apud Pictavem” after reigning for 23 years[116]. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that “Alaricus” reigned for 23 years[117].

m ([494][118]%29 THEODEGOTHA [Thiudigotho] the Ostrogoth, illegitimate daughter of THEODORIC I King of the Ostrogoths in Italy & his concubine ---.

• Iordanes names "unam…Thiudigoto et aliam Ostrogotho" as the two daughters of Theodoric born "ex concubina…in Moesia" before his marriage to Audofledis, specifying that they came to Italy and were married "unam Alarico Vesegotharum et aliam Sigismundo Burgundzonorum"[119]. Procopius records that “regi Visigothorum Alarico” married "Theoderici…Theudichusam virginem filiam"[120].

Mistress (1): ---. The name of King Alaric's mistress is not known.

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King Alaric II & his wife had one child:

a) AMALRIC (502-murdered Barcelona 531).

• Iordanes names "Amalricus" as the son of "Alarico Vesegotharum" & his wife[121]. Procopius records that the mother of “Amalricus” was "filiam Theoderici"[122].
• Gregory of Tours relates that Amalric, son of Alaric, escaped from the battle in which his father was killed and fled to Spain[123]. He succeeded his father in 507 as AMALRIC King of the Visigoths, challenged by his half-brother.
• After his father's defeat, only Arles and Carcassonne remained under Visigoth control in France. In Jun 508, King Amalric's maternal grandfather Theodoric King of Italy arrived in France, relieved the siege of Arles, recaptured Marseille and re-established Visigoth hegemony over Septimania[124]. King Theodoric acted nominally as regent for King Amalric, although he proclaimed himself King of the Visigoths in 511 after defeating King Gesalic.
• Amalric was defeated by his brother-in-law Childebert King of the Franks at Narbonne in 531, and fled to Barcelona where he established his capital but was murdered soon after by his cousin Theudis. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that “Amalricus” reigned for five years[125].
• m (511) CHROTHIELDIS [Clotilde] of the Franks, daughter of CLOVIS I [Chlodovech] King of the Franks & his second wife Chrotechildis [Clotilde] of Burgundy (-531, bur Paris, basilique des Saints-Apôtres [later église Sainte-Geneviève]). Gregory of Tours refers to the marriage of the (unnamed) sister of the four brothers Theoderic, Chlodomer, Childebert and Lothar with Amalric King of the Visigoths, arranged after the death of their father, specifying that she was sent to Spain "with a great dowry of expensive jewellery"[126]. Procopius records that “rex…Visigotthorum Amalaricus” married "Regis Theodeberti sororem"[127].
• Gregory names her Clotilde in a later passage which records that she was maltreated by her husband, brought back to France by her brother King Childebert who attacked and defeated King Amalric, but [she] died on the journey and was buried in Paris beside her father[128].

King Alaric II had one illegitimate son by Mistress (1):

b) GESALIC (-murdered in Burgundy [511/12] or [513/14][129]).

• He was proclaimed as GESALIC King of the Visigoths in Narbonne in 507, in opposition to his infant half-brother. Isidor's Historia Gothorum, Wandalorum, Sueborum records that "Gisaleicus…regis [Alarici] filius ex concubina" succeeded as king of the Visgoths at Narbonne[130]. Procopius names “Giselicum, Alarici ex concubine filium” when recording his accession[131].
• He was defeated by the Ostrogoths in 510, was deposed and fled to Barcelona. The Chronicon Albeldense records that “Gesalaicus” was defeated at Narbonne by “Gundibado Burgundionem rege” and fled to Barcelona, from where he went “ad Africam Wandalis” for help which was refused, and that he was killed after returning to Barcelona “a duce Teuderici Italiæ regis” during the reign of Emperor Anastasius[132].
• From Barcelona he fled to the Vandal court at Carthage, and was given resources to return and renew his resistance[133]. He was eventually captured on his way to seek support from Gundobad King of Burgundy, and executed near the River Durance in Gaul by supporters of his half-brother King Amalric[134]. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that “Geselicus” reigned for three years “et in latebra annum I alibi XV”[135].

Alaric's Sister:

2. daughter. m RICIMER, son of --- (-472).

• Iordanes records that Euric "cum Ricemere genero suo" invaded Rome[136]. He was magister militum, and defeated Emperor Avitus in 456.

References:

• [94] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, XXXVI, p. 107.
• [95] Wolfram, H. (1998) History Of The Goths (Berkeley, California), p. 203.
• [96] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, p. 118.
• [97] Atkinson, W. C. (1960) A History of Spain and Portugal (Penguin 1973) p. 37.
• [98] Chronicon Albeldense 22, Patrologia Latina Vol. 129, col. 1134A.
• [99] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, p. 119.
• [100] Wood, I. (1994) The Merovingian Kingdoms (Longman), p. 18.
• [101] Payne, S. G. (1973) A History of Spain and Portugal, Volume 1 - Antiquity to the Seventeenth Century (University of Wisconsin Press), in the Library of Iberian Resources Online, consulted at http://libro.uca.edu/payne1/spainport1.htm (15 Dec 2002), Chapter 1, p. 9.
• [102] Wolfram (1998), p. 204.
• [103] Wolfram (1998), p. 309.
• [104] García-Guijarro Ramos, L. 'Las invasions bárbaras en Hispania y la creación del Reino Visigodo', Álvarez Palenzuela, V. Á. (coord.) (2002) Historia de España de la Edad Media (Barcelona), p. 18.
• [105] Gregory of Tours, II.25, p. 138.
• [106] Chronicon Albeldense 22, Patrologia Latina Vol. 129, col. 1134A.
• [107] Chronica Regum Visigotthorum, España Sagrada Tomo II, p. 172.
• [108] Sidonius Apollinarius Epistulæ VIII, MGH Auct. Ant. VIII, p. 60.
• [109] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, p. 122.
• [110] Payne (1973), Chapter 1, p. 9.
• [111] Wolfram (1998), p. 309.
• [112] Gregory of Tours, II.35, p. 150 (undated), and García-Guijarro (2002), p. 19, Wolfram (1998), p. 192.
• [113] Wolfram (1998), pp. 196-7 and 200-1, cited in Wood (1994), p. 47.
• [114] Gregory of Tours, II.37, pp. 153-4.
• [115] Wood (1994), p. 46.
• [116] Chronicon Albeldense 23, Patrologia Latina Vol. 129, col. 1134A.
• [117] Chronica Regum Visigotthorum, España Sagrada Tomo II, p. 172.
• [118] Wolfram (1998), p. 203.
• [119] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, p. 131.
• [120] Dindorf, W. (ed.) (1833) Procopius, Vol. II, Corpus Scriptorum Historiæ Byzantinæ (Bonn), De Bello Gothico I.12, p. 65.
• [121] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, p. 131.
• [122] Procopius, Vol. II, De Bello Gothico I.12, p. 67 (the Greek text specifies "του Θευδερίχου", wrongly transposed into the Latin text as "Alarici").
• [123] Gregory of Tours, II.37, p. 154.
• [124] García-Guijarro (2002), pp. 19-20.
• [125] Chronica Regum Visigotthorum, España Sagrada Tomo II, p. 173.
• [126] Gregory of Tours, III.1, p. 162.
• [127] Procopius, Vol. II, De Bello Gothico I.13, p. 69.
• [128] Gregory of Tours, III.10, p. 170.
• [129] Wolfram (1998), p. 245.
• [130] Isidori Historia Gothorum, Wandalorum, Sueborum 544, MGH Auct. ant. XI, p. 282.
• [131] Procopius, Vol. II, De Bello Gothico I.12, p. 67.
• [132] Chronicon Albeldense 24, Patrologia Latina Vol. 129, col. 1134A.
• [133] Wolfram (1998), p. 308.
• [134] Isidori Historia Gothorum, Wandalorum, Sueborum 544, MGH Auct. ant. XI, p. 282.
• [135] Chronica Regum Visigotthorum, España Sagrada Tomo II, p. 172.
• [136] Iordanes Getarum, MGH Auct. ant. V.1, p. 119.

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BIOGRAPHY: d. 507

king of the Visigoths, who succeeded his father Euric on Dec. 28, 484.

His dominions comprised Spain (except the kingdom of Galicia), Aquitaine, Languedoc, and western Provence. Alaric, like his father, was an Arian Christian, but he mitigated the persecution of Catholics and authorized the Catholic council at Agde in 506. To provide a law code for his Roman subjects, he appointed a commission to prepare an abstract of Roman laws and imperial decrees. This code, issued in 506, is generally known as the Lex Romana Visigothorum, or Breviary of Alaric.

Alaric tried to maintain his father's treaty with the Franks, but Clovis, the Frankish king, made the Visigoths' Arianism a pretext for war. In 507 the Visigoths were defeated in the battle of the Campus Vogladensis (Vouillé, or Vouglé, in Poitou). Alaric is said to have been overtaken in flight and killed by Clovis himself.

Copyright © 1994-2001 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Killed in the Battle of the Campus Vogladensis / Vouillé by Clovis I, King of the Franks at the age of 57.

Alaric II (died 507), king of the Visigoths (484-507), succeeding his father, Euric. He ruled the central and southern regions of Gaul (modern-day France) and most of Spain. Like most Visigoths, Alaric adhered to Arianism; this gave the Frankish king Clovis I, an orthodox Christian, an excuse for making war on him. Alaric's forces were completely routed at Vouillé, near Poitiers (in present-day France), and he himself was overtaken and slain by Clovis. This defeat brought to an end the rule of the Visigoths in Gaul. Alaric is also known for the Breviary of Alaric, an abstract of Roman laws and decrees prepared at his direction for use in his domains. This document is a primary source of knowledge about the application of Roman law in nations formed from the disintegrated Roman Empire.

A ring depicting Alaric II. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

References

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaric_II cites

1. Kelsie B. Harder, Names and their varieties: a collection of essays in onomastics, American Name Society, University Press of America, 1984, pp. 10–11
2. ^ Herwig Wolfram, History of the Goths, translated by Thomas J. Dunlap (Berkeley: University of California, 1988), p. 190.
3. ^ Jump up to: a b Wolfram, History of the Goths, p. 191
4. ^ Isidore of Seville, Historia de regibus Gothorum, Vandalorum et Suevorum, chapter 36. Translation by Guido Donini and Gordon B. Ford, Isidore of Seville's History of the Goths, Vandals, and Suevi, second revised edition (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1970), pp. 17f
5. ^ Jump up to: a b Gregory of Tours, Decem Libri Historiarum, II.27; translated by Lewis Thorpe, History of the Franks (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974), p. 139
6. ^ Wolfram, History of the Goths, pp. 281f
7. ^ Wolfram, History of the Goths, p. 291
8. ^ Gregory of Tours (1976). A History of the Franks (trans. Lewis Thorpe ed.). Penguin. p. 150.
9. ^ Collins, Roger. Visigothic Spain, 409–711. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004, p. 35.
10. ^ Wolfram, History of the Goths, pp. 292f
11. ^ Wolfram, History of the Goths, p. 245
12. ^ Peter Heather, The Goths (Oxford: Blackwell, 1996), p. 215
13. ^ Heather, The Goths, p. 277
14. ^ Jump up to: a b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Alaric II.". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 472.
15. ^ "Wace, Dictionary".
16. ^ "The legend of the treasure of Alaric".
17. ^ Montagne d’Alaric Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine

Further reading

• Edward Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Chapter 38 < link >
• Alarico II (in Spanish), Diccionario biográfico español, Luis Agustín García Moreno, Real Academia de la Historia. < link >
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visigothic_Kingdom

Alarico II foi o oitavo rei dos Visigodos. Sucedeu ao seu pai Eurico a 485 e reinou até 507. Casou-se com Areaagni, filha do primeiro casamento de Teodorico o Grande, rei dos ostrogodos.

Território do reino visigodo sob o comando de Alarico II.

Em 486 Alarico II negou refúgio a Afrânio Siagrio, governante romano do chamado Domínio de Soissons (último reduto do Império Romano do Ocidente) derrotado por Clodoveu I. Alarmado pelas intimidações de Clodoveu, Alarico o remeteu ao nobre romano, que foi decapitado.

Morreu na batalha de Vouillé em 507, na qual os visigodos enfrentaram as tropas do rei franco Clodoveu I. A derrota dos visigodos nesta batalha marcou o desaparecimento do reino de Toulouse, pois suas possessões gaulesas, exceto a Gália Narbonense, se perderam.

Sucedeu-lhe seu filho Gesaleico, o qual tentou a recuperação dos restos do reino de Toulouse até a Hispânia.

Alarico II elaborou um Código de leis para seus súditos "romanos", conhecido como Breviário de Alarico (506). Neste se aplica aos godos o direito consuetudinário do povo visigodo (recompilado no ano 475 pelo rei Eurico no Codex Euricianus (Código de Eurico) e aos hispano-romanos, o velho direito romano.

No mesmo ano permitiu aos bispos católicos da Gália que se reunissem em um Concílio em Ágata (Agde) na Gália Narbonense.

in: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre. <http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarico_II>

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Alarico II (¿? – 507) fue rey de los visigodos desde el año 484 hasta el 507. Hijo de Eurico. Se casó con Teodegonda, una hija ilegítima de Teodorico el Grande, rey de los ostrogodos.

En 486 Alarico II negó refugio a Afranio Siagrio, gobernante romano del llamado Reino de Siagrio (último reducto del Imperio Romano de Occidente) derrotado por Clodoveo I. Alarmado por las intimidaciones de Clodoveo, Alarico le remitió al noble romano, que fue decapitado. Territorio del reino visigodo bajo el mando de Alarico II.

Murió en la batalla de Vouillé en 507, que enfrentó a los visigodos con las tropas del rey franco Clodoveo I. La derrota de los visigodos en esta batalla marca la desaparición del Reino de Tolosa, pues las posesiones galas, excepto la Narbonense, se perdieron.

Le sucede su hijo Gesaleico, el cual emprende el repliegue de los restos del reino de Tolosa hacia Hispania.

Alarico II elaboró un código de leyes, conocido como Breviario de Alarico (506), para sus súbditos «romanos», según la teoría tradicional, aplicándose a los godos el derecho consuetudinario del pueblo visigodo (recopilado en el año 475 por el rey Eurico en el Codex Euricianus o Código de Eurico).

El mismo año permitió a los obispos católicos de la Galia que se reunieran en un Concilio en Agatha (Agde) en la Narbonense.

El Breviario de Alarico, o Lex Romana Visigothorum es la más importante obra recopilatoria de Derecho romano postclásico y vulgar, realizada en un reino germánico.

in: Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre. <http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarico_II>

Biografía

Alarico II (in Spanish), Diccionario biográfico español, Luis Agustín García Moreno, Real Academia de la Historia. < link >

Alarico II. Alaricus Rex. Francia, s. m. s. V – Vouillé (Francia), III-VI.507. Rey de los godos (484-507).

Alarico era hijo de su antecesor en el reino godo, Eurico (fallecido en 484). Por lo que pertenecía al prestigioso linaje de los Baltos, protagonista de la etnogénesis visigoda mediante la “monarquía” militar de Alarico I (muerto en 410). Probablemente su madre fue la reina Ragnahilda, una princesa de sangre real según Sidonio Apolinar (fallecido cerca de 485). Se ha pensando, con escaso fundamento, que Ragnahilda pudiera pertenecer al linaje real de los suevos hispanos, y con mejor que fuera hija del rey burgundio Chilperico, al que unía una estrecha unidad, y hasta una relación de parentesco, con los Baltos de Tolosa. Una tercera hipótesis sería convertirla en hermana del rey franco Ragnachario (muerto en 508) de Cambrai, víctima y a la vez pariente del gran Clodoveo (fallecido en 511), sobre la base de la constante aliteración en r- de los nombres conocidos de esta familia.

Alarico es el único hijo conocido del rey Eurico, y si no hubiera sido el único legítimo o el mayor lo cierto es que su sucesión real se produjo sin dificultad el 28 de diciembre del 484, cuando aquél murió en Arlés. Heredero del reino visigodo en el momento de su mayor esplendor y extensión territorial el reinado de Alarico II trató de conservar los límites del dominio godo en las Galias y consolidar y extender su hegemonía en la Península Ibérica, en la que era reciente la ocupación militar goda independiente del Imperio romano, producto de la descomposición final de éste en las provincias más occidentales tras la muerte del emperador Antemio (muerto en 472).

Alarico II fue víctima de una historiografía muy negativa como consecuencia de su derrota y muerte en Vouillé, que significó el fin del reino godo de Tolosa. Sin embargo, no parece que su política se apartara mucho de la de su padre y antecesor, alabada por esa misma historiografía. Objetivo principal de su acción de gobierno sería el fortalecimiento del poder regio, buscando la alianza y apoyo de la aristocracia provincial galo e hispano-romana. En especial trató de mostrarse legítimo heredero del Imperio romano, pero ya sin ningún tipo de dependencia más o menos nominal. En este sentido hay que comprender la publicación el 2 de febrero del 506 bajo su hay que comprender la publicación el 2 de febrero del 506 bajo su autoridad de una versión refundida y reinterpretada del Código de Teodosio, la llamada vulgarmente Ley romana de los visigodos o Breviario de Alarico, con un carácter de exclusividad para las causas de las que se tratara en el mismo. Y un mismo sentido habría tenido su política religiosa, con la que Alarico buscó un acuerdo estable con la jerarquía católica, superando la época de conflictos de tiempos de Eurico, y tratando de constituir con ésta una Iglesia coincidente geográficamente y en objetivos políticos con el reino godo. En este contexto debe entenderse el que se pueda llamar primer concilio de la Iglesia católica del reino godo, reunido en Agde en septiembre del 506, bajo la presidencia del prestigioso Cesáreo de Arlés, convertido en leal colaborador del poder godo, que debiera haberse completado con un segundo a celebrar en la Península Ibérica y con la presencia de los obispos hispanos. Esta segunda reunión conciliar no se llegó a celebrar.

Pues unos meses antes, en la primavera del 507, Alarico II fracasó estrepitosamente al tratar de detener la ofensiva franca de Clodoveo en Vouillé. A esta situación no se había llegado de improviso. La derrota y muerte del romano Siagrio en 486 en Soisson pusieron frente a frente al reino godo y al emergente poder de un reino franco en vías de unificación bajo el merovingio Clodoveo. Tan sólo el fracaso franco en la guerra civil burgundia supuso un freno a su peligrosa progresión hacia el Sur. En vano Alarico II trató de contrapesar la situación con una alianza con los burgundios y con el poderoso Teoderico el Amalo.

A este último fin Alarico contraería matrimonio poco después del 501 con la jovencísima Tiudigoto, hija de Teoderico (fallecido en 526). Lo que de momento condujo a una esperanza de acuerdo pacífico con la famosa entrevista entre Alarico II y Clodoveo en Amboise, en una isla sobre el Loira. Pero desgraciadamente el primer y único fruto del enlace Balto-Amalo nacería no mucho antes del trágico fin de Alarico. El nombre que se puso al pequeño, Amalarico, denotaba el deseo desesperado del Balto de buscar la ayuda de su poderoso suegro Amalo, aunque ello significara un reconocimiento humillante de la inferioridad de su linaje. Todo habría sido en vano.

Cuando en el 507 Clodoveo inició la que sería ofensiva definitiva pudo contar también con la alianza suicida del rey burgundio Gundobado (fallecido en 516). Mientras Teoderico se veía imposibilitado de acudir en socorro de su yerno ante un ataque naval bizantino, sin duda combinado con el merovingio. La derrota de Vouillé fue total, el ejército real godo sufrió graves pérdidas y se perdió parte del tesoro real, hasta el Rey murió en la batalla. Alarico II dejaba además a la nobleza goda dividida entre los partidarios del pequeño Amalarico (muerto en 531), con el riesgo cierto de la hegemonía de su abuelo Teoderico, y los de Gesaleico (fallecido en 511), un bastardo. Con la muerte de Alarico terminaba el brillante reino godo de Tolosa, creado por la estirpe de los Baltos.

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Luis Agustín García Moreno

ALARICO, o moço, 8º REI VISIGODO da Espanha, onde reinou de 487 a 507, falecendo em 509.

Na Wikipedia:

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarico_II

I 486 Alarik II vägrade tillflykt Syagrius, kallade utslaget romerska Konungariket Siagrio ( Senast skans Västromerska riket) besegrade av Clovis I. Skräms av hot mot Clovis , var Alarik som den ädla Roman, som blev halshuggen.

Han dog i Vouillé kamp i 507 , som stod mellan visigoterna med kungens trupper frank Clovis I. Nederlaget över visigoterna i denna kamp märken försvinner riket Toulouse ( Toulouse), Som det galliska egendom annat NarbonneGick förlorade.

Han efterträds av sin son Gesal, som åtog sig reträtt resterna av kungariket Toulouse till Hispania.

Alarik II fram en kod av lagar , så kallade Breviarium av Alarik (506) , för hans undersåtar " romare ", enligt traditionell teori , gäller goterna sedvanerätt VÄSTGOT stad (sammanställd i år 475 av King Eurico i Codex Euricianus eller Eurico kod).

Samma år får de katolska biskoparna i Gallien De möttes i en rådet om Agatha ( Agde ) i Narbonne