Hisroty: Liang & Zhu Buterfly Lovers - 梁山伯與祝英台

Butterfly Lovers is China's four major folklore is one of an oral tradition of legends, the story describes the Butterfly Lovers tragic love story.

The People's Republic of China government in 2003 declared the legend of Liang-Zhu UNESCO established the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. [1] in 2006 was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage site. [2]

Story gist

Ancient China Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Zhejiang Shangyu Zhu family with a daughter Lovers (also known as: I wish Jiumei), Nvbannanzhuang to Hangzhou, traveling, on the way encountered Hueiji to students Butterfly, the two will Xiangxie counterparts. Classmate three years, feeling strong, but still do not know The Butterfly Lovers is a Nv Ershen. Later Lovers interrupt their studies to return home. Butterfly Lovers to Shangyu to visit only when they know the three-year classmate's friend was actually female red makeup, people wishing to propose marriage to the wish house, this time had been betrothed to the Ma Wencai Lovers. After the Butterfly in the Yin as magistrate, because of over-depressed and died. Lovers get married, when, after a Butterfly's grave, sudden squally, the obstacles Bridal teams advance to the Butterfly Lovers decorated sedan chair, under the grave worship, Butterfly's grave collapse crack, Lovers into graves , followed by a pair of butterflies emerge in the grave, both fly.

textual

Tang Dynasty Literature

Many Chinese have been documented in ancient books in the story of Butterfly Lovers. Was first seen in the early Tang Liang words contained in the "10 4 fan-chi": "Righteousness Women Lovers In Love with the mound." Zhang read the "propaganda Room blog," he wrote: "the British units, Shangyu Zhu Shi F, pseudo-To Men's Study Tour, and with those who graduated from The Butterfly Hueiji. Shan-po, the word at Jen. I wish the first go. two years, Shan-po's visit to the square know these as a woman, sense of loss Ruyousuoshi. sue their parents seeking recruits, while the Ma son carry on the words I wish had been. Shan-po after Yin Order, died, buried west of Mao. I wish proper Markov, Zhou Guo Tomb, Fengtao not enter. Q. Shan-po know that the tomb, I wish the board number and muses, to suddenly self-rifting , Zhu Shi Yan Sui and buried. Jincheng Xiang Xie Yue-Yi women Zoubiao its tomb mound. "in the" Yin County "," Ningbo House Zhi "," Yixing Jingxi Xin-zhi "and Jie You recorded the story of Butterfly Lovers.

Song Dynasty Literature

Zhang Jin, "Maps of roads Siming": Yi women mound, that is, Butterfly Lovers is also the same burial place. West ten-mile reception in the county hospital, there have been temple Cunyan. Note that the two little taste of the old classmates, ratio, and three years, but I do not know Bo-Chu Ying-tai Shan's for women also, so its simple and unadorned. Click "10 4 fan-chi," cloud, meaning women and the Butterfly Lovers with the mound, that being to have.

Song "Xianchun Piling Zhi" contains: "Zhu Ling” mountains of good volume, rocks in front of giant stone carvings, cloud studies at』 『Lovers, No.』 『Bi little hut. Xiyou poem that goes: beauties flying butterfly not seen , Bristol had plenty of fresh reading altar 』."

Yuan Dynasty Literature

White Park creation, "The Butterfly Lovers die married," the Drama [3], do not pass this.

Ming and Qing Literature

Ming. XU Shu-Pi "little recorded knowledge": The Butterfly, Lovers, who are the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Alan Hueiji, I wish the family Shangyu, students who for three years in Hangzhou, the situation is very good close. I wish the first go. LIANG Guo Shang search, Shi Zhi were females. Go sue their parents, want to marry the. Ma Xu Zhu has been the sub-carry on. Liang sense of loss is not fun, refusing to re-marry. After three years as the Yin Leung order, and died, last words buried Kiyomichi Yamashita. Also next year, I wish the father of the force, suitable Markov, tired and desires death. Guo Liang will be buried at the waves arrived, boats may not enter. Zhu Liang mound is made, speechless sorrow. Tsukamoto suddenly split, and wish to die cast Yan, Tsukamoto complex self-closing. Ma Wen being to in North Korea, the Grand Tutor Yi Xie please gifts for women.

Teijin, Liang Hin supernatural assist in the work re-cutting. Yousilimiao Yu Yin.
Orange 2 encircle the temple, there are butterflies, orange worm-eaten by the technology also, women and children in order to beam termed.

Press, Butterfly carry on different things. "Golden House child" and "Hueiji different smell," are documented. Fu female to male ornaments, obedient carry on. Ran always chaos could end up the same, very spiritual, as God men, and the universe, He do not have, not yet possible as evidence.

Ming, Feng Meng-long "Love Tianbao KAM": Butterfly, Lovers who are the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Alan Hueiji, I wish the family Shangyu, taste classmates. I wish the first go, Liang Guo Shangyu, after visiting other countries, Shi Zhi for women. Return is warning parents want to marry up while the children carry on Markov Xu Zhu has been. Liang sense of loss of loss. After three years as the Yin Leung order, sickness and death, last words buried Kiyomichi Yamashita. Also next year, I wish proper Markov, over the Department, Fengtao comes up, boats can not enter. Zhu Liang mound is made, aphonia mourning. Lifting his crack cast death wish. Ma Wen being to in North Korea, the prime minister labeled Yi Xie please women. Teijin (502), the beam was significantly supernatural serve, labeled loyalty. Emergency Li Miao Yu Yin-yun.

Qing Hao Qu "popular series": Bai Renfu Lovers. See Xuan chamber opera-chi, Taiwan, United Kingdom Shangyu Zhu Shi women. Pseudo-science for the men's tour, and Hueiji Butterfly who graduated from the same. Shan-po, the word at Jen. I wish the first two years go. Shan-po's visit to the square things knowing they were females. Sense of loss Ruyousuoshi, divisions of their parents seeking recruits. The wish has been the word Ma son carry on. Shan-po after Yin orders, dead buried west of Trade and Di. Lovers fitness Ma, Zhou Guo Tomb, Fengtao not enter. Q Zhi Shan-po tomb, I wish the board number and muses, ground suddenly from the rift, Zhu Shi Yan Sui and buried. Tomb of Yue Xie Jin Chengxiang Zoubiao their "righteousness Women mound."

Poetry & Drama

Lovers
(Yuan drama)
(Drunken dire straits) Paranthropus on Iraq, did they know that during the real. Slave hearts feel pleased but not met. Do a statue Yan, unknowingly in many cases.

(Pong Dressing Table) thought of the fine, it turns out to be a pretentious disguise your child. Jian Zhao you more flirtatious, Jian Zhao shame you have no land, by Jian Zhao How do you have. Conditions such as intoxication, heart like crazy, do not Wuling Liulang a river.

(Formerly the chamber for the first) is to hide the truth of non-Iraqi Nujia the ancient Tao who are willing to get cheap office cheap. I fight Nye of visitors to fight for Chennai I am a girl. My parents old war Chennai, Chennai I myself was not the main competition. Today, the weight to see you, Ryuzo parrots the phrase-to-know.

梁山伯與祝英台是中國四大民間傳說之一，是一個口頭傳承的傳說故事，故事敘述梁山伯與祝英台悲劇性的愛情故事。

中華人民共和國政府在2003年將梁祝傳說申報聯合國教科文組織設立的人類口頭和非物質遺產代表作。[1]2006年被列入第一批國家級非物質文化遺產名錄。
故事大要

中國古代東晉時，浙江上虞祝家有一女祝英台（又名：祝九妹），女扮男裝到杭州遊學，途中遇到會稽來的同學梁山伯，兩人便相偕同行。同窗三年，感情深厚，但梁山伯始終不知祝英台是女兒身。後來祝英台中斷學業返回家鄉。梁山伯到上虞拜訪祝英台時，才知道三年同窗的好友竟是女紅妝，欲向祝家提親，此時祝英台已許配給馬文才。之後梁山伯在鄞當縣令時，因過度鬱悶而過世。祝英台出嫁時，經過梁山伯的墳墓，突然狂風大起，阻礙迎親隊伍的前進，祝英台下花轎到梁山伯的墓前祭拜，梁山伯的墳墓塌陷裂開，祝英台投入墳中，其後墳中冒出一對彩蝶，雙雙飛去。

[編輯] 考據

[編輯] 唐代文獻

中國許多古代典籍中都記載了梁祝的故事。最早見於初唐梁載言的《十道四蕃志》：「義婦祝英台與梁山伯同冢。」張讀的《宣室志》中寫道：「英台，上虞祝氏女，偽為男裝遊學，與會稽梁山伯者同肄業。山伯，字處仁。祝先歸。二年，山伯訪之，方知其為女子，悵然如有所失。告其父母求聘，而祝已字馬氏子矣。山伯後為鄞令，病死，葬鄮城西。祝適馬氏，舟過墓所，風濤不能進。問知山伯墓，祝登號慟，地忽自裂陷，祝氏遂並埋焉。晉丞相謝安奏表其墓曰義婦塚。」 在《鄞縣志》、《寧波府志》、《宜興荊溪新志》中皆有記載梁祝的故事。

[編輯] 宋代文獻

張津《乾道四明圖經》：義婦冢，即梁山伯祝英台同葬之地也。 在縣西十里接待院之後，有廟存焉。舊記謂二人少嘗同學，比及三年，而山伯初不知英台之為女也，其樸質如此。按《十道四蕃志》雲，義婦祝英台與梁山伯同冢，即其事也。
宋《咸淳毗陵志》載：「祝陵在善卷山，岩前有巨石刻，雲『祝英台讀書處』，號『碧鮮庵』。昔有詩云：『蝴蝶滿園飛不見，碧鮮空有讀書壇』。」

[編輯] 元代文獻

白樸創作「祝英台死嫁梁山伯」的雜劇[3]，不傳於今。

[編輯] 明清文獻

明．徐樹丕《識小錄》：梁山伯，祝英台，皆東晉人。梁家會稽，祝家上虞，同學於杭者三年，情好甚密。祝先歸。梁後過上虞尋訪，始知為女子。歸告父母，欲娶之。而祝已許馬氏子矣。梁悵然不樂，誓不復娶。後三年，梁為鄞令，病死，遺言葬清道山下。又明年，祝為父所逼，適馬氏，累欲求死。會過梁葬處，風波大作，舟不能進。祝乃造梁塚，失聲哀痛。塚忽裂，祝投而死焉，塚復自合。馬氏聞其事於朝，太傅謝安請贈為義婦。

和帝時，梁復顯靈異助戰伐。有司立廟於鄞縣。廟前桔二株合抱，有花蝴蝶，桔蠹所化也，婦孺以梁稱之。

按，梁祝事異矣。《金樓子》及《會稽異聞》皆載之。夫女為男飾，乖矣。然始終不亂，終能不變，精神之極，至於神矣，宇宙間何所不有，未可以為證。

明，馮夢龍《情天寶鑒》：梁山伯、祝英台皆東晉人。梁家會稽，祝家上虞，嘗同學。祝先歸，梁後過上虞訪之，始知為女。歸乃告父母，欲娶之，而祝已許馬氏子矣。梁悵然若有所失。後三年，梁為鄞令，病且死，遺言葬清道山下。又明年，祝適馬氏，過其處，風濤大作，舟不能進。祝乃造梁冢，失聲哀慟。忽地裂，祝投而死。馬氏聞其事於朝，丞相謝安請封為義婦。和帝（502）時，梁得顯靈異效勞，封為忠義。有事立廟於鄞雲。

清，瞿灝《通俗編》：白仁甫祝英台。劇見宣室志，英台上虞祝氏女。偽為男裝遊學，與會稽梁山伯者同肄業。山伯、字處仁。祝先歸二年。山伯訪之，方知其為女子。悵然如有所失，告之其父母求聘。而祝已字馬氏子矣。山伯後為鄞令，病死葬貿阝城西。祝英台適馬氏、舟過墓所，風濤不能進。問知山伯墓，祝登號慟，地忽自裂陷，祝氏遂並埋焉。晉丞相謝安奏表其墓曰「義婦冢「。

[編輯] 詩詞戲曲

祝英台

(元戲文)
（醉落魄）傍人論伊，怎知道其間的實。奴見了心中暗喜。一別尊顏，不覺許多時。
（傍妝台）細思之，怎知你喬裝改扮做個假意兒。見著你多嬌媚，見著你羞無地，見著你怎由已。情如醉，心似痴，劉郎一別武陵溪。

（前腔換頭）奴家非是要瞞伊，自古道得便宜處誰肯落便宜。爭奈我為客旅，爭 奈我是女孩兒。爭奈我雙親老，爭奈我身無主。今日里，重見你，柳藏鸚鵡語方知。