
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-review-of-soc... for more interest -- whom Catharina might have been
Very interesting article Phillipp.
Here interesting information -
1656
21 May
Jan Woutersz born in Middelburgh, assistant, married to Catharijn Anthonis born in Celagon in Bengale.
Den 21:en meij is Jan Woutersz van Middelburch adsistent voor den raet deser fortresse, getrout met een swarte jonge dochter genaemt Catharijna Anthonis van Celagon in Bengale, Godt gelievede zelvige te zegenen.
? van Riebeeck signature 1689 Indonesia!
https://anri.go.id/storage/pages/47554382-4rsx5u.jpg
Van den Hooge en Swart Piet ??
I'm getting a bit lost here: he's married to Catharina Anthonis van Bengale sure how either of them connect here, though. I may be being dumb :-)
For your information - Coenrelisz Kees Claassen
Sorry Afrikaans Only -Trasnaltion welcom -
Attribution - https://www.stamouers.com/stamouers/a-c/694-claassen-claas-gerritsz...
CLAASSEN Claas Gerritsz VAN BENGALE
Posted in A - C
Claas Gerritsz VAN BENGALE: Sy nageslag het die van CLAASSEN aangeneem. In sommige gepubliseerde bronne word 'n fout gemaak om hierdie familie onder die verkeerde Claassen op te neem (Cornelis Claesz van Utrecht, ook bekend as Kees de Boer). Claas Gerritsz word deur sy eienaar, Jochum Marquart, op 23 Desember 1676 vrygestel. In 1671 was hy reeds aan die Kaap.
Hy word op 10 Februarie 1686 in Kaapstad groot gedoop. Op 13 Maart 1686 trou hy met Sara VAN SOLOOR. (Kyk ook onder Sara van Soloor)
Op 29 Oktober 1673 doop Sara 'n voorkind, Henrijtte. Hierdie kind het later die van Wittebol gebruik. Die vader van die kind was die VOC landmeter Johan Wittebol, van Amsterdam (Hy was getroud met Maria van Ruijven).
Sara word groot gedoop 3 September 1679.
Sara en Claas Gerritz het die volgende kinders (ouderdom van die kinders word na sy dood in 1697 aangegee):
Hendriette (23)
Meijndert (16)
Gerrit Claas (11)
Hendrik Claas (10). Hy trou met Maria Booijs.
Claas Gerritsz is in 1697 oorlede. Sara hertrou in 1698 met Harmen BUYS
Bron:
Willem Kempen se webblad http://www.kempen.id.au/main.htm (Bevat inligting van Mansell Upham)
Further on his wife SARA van SELOOR>
VAN SOLOOR Sara
Written by Stamouers. Posted in V - Z https://www.stamouers.com/stamouers/surnames-v-z/560-van-soloor-sara
Sara VAN SOLOOR was afkomstig van "n Indonesiese eiland met die naam van Solor. Sy was eers "n slavin van Willem van Dieden. Sara word in 1673 gedoop. Sy het vier kinders gehad toe sy op 13 Maart 1686 met Claas GERRITSZ VAN BENGALE getroud was.
Sy doop "n voorkind Henrijtte op 29 Oktober 1673. Hierdie kind het later die van Wittebol gebruik. Die vader van die kind was die VOC landmeter Johan Wittebol, van Amsterdam (Hy trou met Maria van Ruijven). Kyk ook onder stamouer Johan Wittebol.
Sara word groot gedoop 3 September 1679.
Sara en Gerrit het die volgende kinders (ouderdom word gegee van kinders toe Gerrit oorlede is in 1697):
Hedriette (23) (Claas Gerritsz was nie die vader nie)
Meijndert (16)
Gerrit Claas (11)
Hendrik Claas (10)
Claas is in 1697 oorlede. Sy trou toe in 1698 met Harmen BUYS van Batavia, hy was heelmoontlik "n vryswarte. In 1707 skei sy van hom weens kindermishandeling. Buys het ook twee ander kinders gehad van die slaafin Diana van Trankebaar (want hulle word gedoop 10 Maart 1709 Sara en Pieter).
KINDERS
b1 Henrietta * 1674 gedoop Kaapstad 17 Sep 1684
b2 Meyndert * 1681 gedoop Kaapstad 17 Sep 1684
b3 Gerrit * 1683 gedoop Kaapstad 17 Sep 1684
b4 Hendrik * 1685 gedoop Kaapstad 6 Maart 1686
Die oudste dogter was bekend as Hendrietta Claasz en was ook bekend as Hendrietta Wittebol, sy het getrou in 1690 met Johannes Claus Moller, en die tweede keer in 1699 met WL Wiederholt
Bronne:
Heese en Lombard
K Schoeman, Armosyn van die Kaap
Willem Kempen se webblad http://www.kempen.id.au/main.htm (Bevat inligting van Mansell Upham)
Catrina van Bengale -
VAN BENGALE Catharina
Written by AM van Rensburg. Posted in V - Z
Catharina VAN BENGALE also known as Groote Catrijn was a slave from Bengale born about 1631 and she died about 1683. She was a slave woman from Paliacatte, on the Coromandel Coast, India. She was a slave in Batavia to the free woman Maria Magdalena (we don"t know whether she had a surname)
She was sexually assaulted on 8 October 1656 by her lover, the slave Claes van Malabar, in a stable at the Fort Rijswijck. In the altercation, she hit Claes with a ladder across his stomach. Claes died four days later since his bladder had burst. Catharine then faced charges of murder and received the death sentence. She was however pardoned, being banished as a slave to the Cape. She arrived at the Cape on 21 February 1657 on the ship Prins Willem. This ship was part of the return fleet which left Batavia on 4 December 1656. She was the first recorded female slave convict at the Cape.
She had 2 voorkinders, one by the ensign and chief of the garrison, Pieter Everaerts from Bruijsaert and one by the soldier Hans Christoffel Snijder (this is the Dutch version of Schneider) also known as Snijman, from Heidelberg in the Palatinate.
Groote Catrijn had a relationship with Pieter Everaerts, who was a high Company official (he served in both the Council of Policy and the Council of Justice), she had his child. Everaerts died 15 March 1664. On 6 September 1665 there are two seperate entries for Company slave Catharina baptising two children Petronella and Anthony (there is greater certainty that Petronella was Groote Catrijn"s child)
VOORKIND with Pieter EVERAERTS
Petronella. This daughter, Petronella, when she grew up she gave birth to a child also named Petronella (the father was a soldier Willem Jansen), both of them must have died in some tragedy with the other members of the family, maybe some disease.
TWO MORE CHILDREN BAPTISED BY GROOTE CATRIJN (Father unknown)
Susan = 2 Oct 1667
Anthoni = 13 Nov 1667
Hans Christoffel Snijman (also recorded as Christoffel Snijman) was a soldier in the garrison convicted and banished to Robben Island on 30th July 1667 for not standing guard - instead he had been sleeping on a regular basis with Groote Catrijn - washerwoman at the Fort to successive commanders. Thereafter, Snijders disappears from the records at the Cape. On instructions from the Council of India, Groote Catrijn was again pardoned.
VOORKIND with Hans Christoffel SNIJMAN
Christoffel Snyman baptised on 9 March 1669. (He became the stamvader of the Snyman family).
Groote Cathrijn then gets baptised herself as an adult with her fellow slave friend Mooij Ansela on 29 April 1668.
Catharina later married a free black (mardijker) Anthonij (Jansz) (de Later) van BENGALE on 20th December 1671. In a letter dated 6 January 1672 it is mentioned that Groot Catrijn was freely pardoned.
Groote Catrijn, her husband, her daughter and granddaughter - with the exception of Christoffel Snijman Jnr appear to have all died, in some family tragedy sometime between December 1682 and February 1683.
Antjonij Jansz van Bengale"s sizeable estate provided for the boy"s education and a substantial inheritance.
Christoffel Snyman was the stepson of Anthonie van Bengale.
ATTRIBUTION - https://www.stamouers.com/stamouers/surnames-v-z/92-van-bengale-cat...
Sources:
M Upham "In Hevigen Woede ... Groote Catrijn: Earliest Recorded Female Bandiet at the Cape of Good Hope - A Study in Upward Mobility" Capenis, Sept 1997. Part of a series.
Thanks to research by:
Thanks to submissions by:
AM van Rensburg
Sharon Doubell concerning Jan Woutersz...
........the blacks of South Africa. The first slave to be freed at the Cape was Catharina Anthonis, who was born in Bengal, and liberated because Jan Woutersz from Middelburg wished to marry her - this was on ...
Celebrations in the Cape with the abolition of slavery The earliest record of a child born at the Cape who had a parent who was a slave, is that of the former slave Catharina Anthonis and Jan Woutersz .......
... op 6 aggeplatte pilasters. Herman was ook die ontwerper en bouer van die Nieuwe Kerk, Kaapstad wat gesloop is en die Woutersen grafkelder by Groenpunt. Hermann was ook die argitek en bouer van die NG ...
The first slave to be freed at the Cape was Catharina Anthonis, who was born in Bengal, and liberated because Jan Woutersz from Middelburg wished to marry her - this was on 21 May 1656. Another slave Maria van Bengal, was a slave of the sick comforter Pieter van der Stael, she was sold into freedom 6 July 1658 to be married the 21 July to Jan Sacharias. "A dropsical Bengalese woman married to a Netherlander and with the consent of the Commander .. (they) tapped from her fully five mutsjes of water. Another full tankard was removed on the following day. ... She died at daybreak five days later and so was relieved of her pain and suffering." The numbers of slaves at the early Cape amounted to about a dozen until the arrival of two shiploads of slaves from Africa.
Attributions all from Stamouers of the Genealogical Society Of South Africa.
Slaves
The next shipload of slaves arrived 6 May 1658 with 228 slaves from Guinea on the ship Hasselt.
SLAVE NAMES
Most of the slaves had even their original name taken off them and were then given new names. The naming pattern varied greatly: Calendar names, where they were given the name of the day of the week or one of the months - Februarie, September, Oktober, Vrydag. Classical names; the slave was named after an emperor or some mythical figure or a god - Alexander, Hector, Kupido, Hannibal, Venus, Scipios, Darius, Adonis, Apollos. Old Testament names - Adam, Moses, Abraham, David. Some were named after their owner, or after the one who fathered the child - Adams, Abrahams, Jacobs, Jantjies, Anthonissen, Hendricks. Others had Portuguese names which may indicate that they received it in a Portuguese territory or ship - Domingo, Fatima, Manuel, Gracia, Rosa. Others were given tongue in the cheek names - Dikbeen, Pasop, Fortuijn. Some of these names that were given is still present amongst the population in South Africa. Further research is required to identify more of these 'stamouers'.
And with that I stop for today.
Judi
[B184] NGK Kaapstad Notule: Doop, lidmate, gebooie, huwelike, ouderling, diakens 1665-1695 (G1 1/1) , Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk , (Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk ), 4 (Betroubaarheid: 3), 21 Apr 2020.
Dito (13 November)
een slaevinne kint van den E. H. Comman: Quael-
bergen, wiert genaemt Adriaentje de moeder Catharyn
tot getuyge stont in persoon van de Juffr. Quaelbergen
haer slaevinne
Private I stand to be corrected, but I don't think this automatically means he fathered the child. I seem to recall slave owners often mentioned as 'owning' the child in baptism. I could be wring, though. Delia may have a better idea,
J P Weyers Sharon Doubell In this particular case, no evidence has come to light that Adriaentje Gabrielsz: is the daughter of Cornelis van Quaelbergen, and her adoption of the name Gabrielsz: suggests her father may have been named Gabriel.
In general, not all slave owners fathered children with their female slaves. Some have argued it was not common because there are not a large number of cases where this has been conclusively demonstrated.
We know of some because of how mothers named children, or names children subsequently adopted and the people in whose circles they moved as witnesses to baptisms, where they lived, etc. Also, sometimes the father is identified in the record, and in rare cases the father acknowledged paternity either explicitly or for example, by bequests in his estate.
Many of the known cases are also those whose offspring were absorbed into the white population.
However, there is no reason to believe that the Cape was any different to other slave-owning societies where abuse, sexual, physical, etc. by slave owners was common. It happened enough that the authorities at times spoke up against it, and the fathering of children of slaves was on at least one occasion encouraged as being to the benefit of the Company (the VOC).
There is also a view held by some that most of the relationships were consensual. And that depends on what is considered to be consent. If you agree when your fate lies in the hands of the person asking - if indeed they asked - that is not consent, it is survival. Did some loving relationships develop? It seems some did, but that was not the norm.
The results are seen in South Africa's population today where the mixed race or coloured population is slightly more than 10% of the overall number.
Of course, there were mixed relationships after the first decades of the settlement as well, whether compelled or not, so not all of the 10% result from the first decades.