Managers of Johanna Susanna Ferreira,
I am contacting you about this profile: https://www.geni.com/people/Johanna-Susanna-Ferreira/60000000375372...
I was wondering if there is any documented evidence for this woman. As far as I have been able to research her existence appears to be crowd sourced. I checked in with FS profilers and they too do not have a document and they cite GENI. Ferreira is a well documented and resourced family name in SA, done by the University of Pretoria. This woman appears have been prior to the SV and from Norway. While Ferreira is suspected of being a Sephardic Converso PORTUGUESE Jewish person and certainly the Sephardim were found in Norway at that time, the name of this woman is very Dutch sounding more in keeping with what one found in the Cape. Would love to know the origination of this profile and Johanna in particular.
Sincerely,
Sharon Atherstone Jacob (descendant of Ferreira)
A family name relating to someone who worked with iron. A smith, blacksmith etc. In latin languages it could be Farrar, Ferrara and Ferrari, Herrers, Farreres, and Ferreira.
I don't get any sephardic vibes from the name Ferreira. It just sounds portuguese.
Johanna and Susanna sounds swedish. In danish or norwegian the natural nameforms would be JohannE SusannE.
Johanna and Susanna does not sound sephardic at all.
Reading from Wiki:
While Norway was part of the Danish kingdom from 1536 to 1814, Denmark introduced a number of religious restrictions both to uphold the Protestant Reformation in general and against Jews in particular. In 1569, Fredrik II ordered that all foreigners in Denmark had to affirm their commitment to 25 articles of faith central to Lutheranism, on pain of deportation, forfeiture of all property, and death.
The earliest recorded direct mention of Jews occurred in documents published in the 17th century when a group of Portuguese Jews were allowed to settle in Norway. Restrictions were lifted for Sephardic Jews already established as merchants in Altona when Christian IV took over the town. Christian also issued the first letter of safe passage to a Jew (Albert Dionis) in 1619, and on June 19, 1630, general amnesty was granted to all Jews permanently in residence in Glückstadt, including the right to travel freely throughout the kingdom.[9]
In this condition, the existence of anti-Semitism can be considered negligible because the traditional Jewish prejudice often stemmed from the perception that the Jews controlled the economic, political and social spheres of a specific European society.[10]
In 1687, Christian V rescinded all Jewish privileges, specifically banning Jews from Norway, except with a special dispensation. Jews found in the kingdom were jailed and expelled, and this ban persisted until 1851. / wiki
This sentence sticks out::
" The earliest recorded direct mention of Jews occurred in documents published in the 17th century when a group of Portuguese Jews were allowed to settle in Norway"
I have never heard of it, but it might be worth looking into.
King Christian IV, king of both Denmark and Norway (ruled 1588-1648), believed that Jews could help his country, but he faced opposition from his clergy, which limited Jewish access. In spite of this, from 1620 Jews were allowed to settle in the Danish duchies of Schleswig and Holstein (lost to Germany in 1848-9). Christian IV then granted freedom of religion throughout both Denmark and Norway, and in 1630 granted permission for Jews to travel and trade throughout his kingdom. Jews were not, as in many other countries, forced to live in ghettos or in special Jewish streets or to wear clothes that would distinguish them. In 1641, the king extended this “protection” to include Ashkenazi Jews.
Under King Christian IV’s successor, King Fredrik III (ruled 1648-70), Jews lived under stricter conditions. They were not allowed to be in the Danish-Norwegian kingdom without a letter of safe conduct; the policy was later enshrined in the Norwegian Legal Code promulgated by King Christian V (ruled 1670-99) in 1687. https://jewish-heritage-europe.eu/norway/
It was only in the time of king Christian IV (late 16th century) that we find references to the Jews. The Jews in question were mainly those who in 1492 and 1498 were driven out of Spain and Portugal.
These Sephardi Jews first settled in the Netherlands and in Hamburg. In Norway, these were called “Portuguese-Jews.” Some of them were given special permission to enter Norway when no other Jews could. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/norway-virtual-jewish-history-...
According to Graetz, Portuguese Jews in Amsterdam were invited in 1622 by King Christian
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4466405
Cited therein as "Portuguese Jews," the term referred to Sephardim from Spain as well as from Portugal who had been expelled from their home countries in 1492 and 1497, respectively.
In the early 1600s, under the rule of King Christian IV, Jews were granted freedom of religion plus permission to settle in certain areas of the then-joint state of Denmark-Norway. Soon after, they were allowed to travel and to conduct trade. Jews were hardly integrated within society during this time, but they were not forced to live in Jewish-only areas or to wear any physical markers that would announce their faith. The situation for Jews became precarious during the reign of King Fredrik III, however. / https://www.milkandhoneytours.com/jewish-tours/oslo/
An example of a Teixeira doing copper business in Norway
"Usually he [Manuel Teixeira] left his business proceedings in Denmark to agents like, e.g., Antoni Enriques or to his sons Diego Abraham Teixeira de Mattos and Samuel Teixeira, who often stayed in Copenhagen. The latter was mainly in charge of the Norwegian copper trade — a trade which was initiated in cooperation with Henrik Müller, the owner of the copper mines in Kvikne."
http://utne.nvg.org/j/njhist.html
https://www.proquest.com/openview/6a7d66a26d9f6e73d834eb7d8503abd7/...
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So it would not be improbable that a person having a portuguese family name left Norway at that time. Probably that persons family had been living in Hamburg/Antwerpen/ the Netherlands
Phillipp I am just reading and sharing my findings. A hypothetical or probable chain of events. To understand what could have happened before starting a wild goose chase.
However:
Why JohannA SusannA?
Ferreira would indicate portuguese roots.
If some sephardic persons arrived to Norway on invitation of Christian IV they would be contributing with skills and/or capital. There should or could be a trace of that, Like in the case of Teixera (also a portuguese name).
What did the South African family work with? Where did they arrive?
I am reading on the profile:
Robbert Robbertszen Brand, SV/PROG
through=6000000037537001493
Robbert Robbertszen Brand, SV/PROG MP
Birth:cirka 1680
Oslo, Norway (Norge)
Death before 20 mars 1721 Cape, South Africa
quartermaster in the employ of the Dutch East India Company (1699)
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If he is RobbertZEN , then his father should be a Robbert?
So the parents and the son were born in Norway?
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I have the following questionmarks:
Shouldn’t Robbertzen have a Robbert as a farher?
Why is JohannA SusannA spelled the swedish way?
Her husband has family name Marx Brand had he been found?
Found othe Ferreiras but not by way of Norway https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ferreira-112