The Jessie Lee Home in Unalaska and Seward provides a great resource of immigrants who moved to Alaska and married Aleut Women. The scant Aleut DNA is preserved primarily through maternal lines. Each generation had inflow of immigrants.
The primary generation were Aleut who may have already been mixed with other Alaskan Indian Tribes. Besides admix with Eskimo and other tribes, farther back in time, circumpolar mariners and wanderer's who traveled to Alaska and stayed, left traces of their DNA.
1. The Russian Invasion of Unalaska in 1741. Some Russians took Aleut Women for Wives and took the Men away to harvest seals.
Aleut/Russian mix 1741- late 1800s. Some Russians would not work on the ships so the Russian hired Finnish Sailors.
1878 Census shows primarily Russian surname with Wife. The wives were Aleut Women. Most Aleut Men and Women had forced name changes to Russian names. https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE4835580
2. Aleut Men, admix with California Native Americans, Hawaiians, and some Athabaskans.
3. Return of some Aleut Men to Unalaska.
4. Fur trappers, Miners and Fisherman immigrants from Sweden, Norway, Germany, Finland and the America's. Many came for the prospects and married Aleut Women to gain citizenship. The spanish flu epidemic wiped out most of the inhabitants leaving many children orphans who may not have been old enough to know who their European ancestors were. The Jessie Lee home recorded the names of the Children living in Unalaska at the time. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~coleen/seward_ala...
A typical line of descent may look like this:
Primary Inhabitants Aleut Men and Women: Before 1741
Primary Inhabitants Aleut Men and Women circumpolar mix - Eskimo-Tlingit-Athabascan-Haida-Inuit- more- Before 1741
Aleut Women and Russian, Finnish or German Men
Aleut Women and Spanish Men 1788 (if any survived the spanish flu epidemic)
Aleut Men and Native California, (Fort Ross 1812), Athabascan or Hawaiian Women
Return of some Aleut Men with Aleut, Native Californian, Athabascan, or Hawaiian admix repopulating with Aleut Women with Russian, German or Finnish admix.
Alaska was purchased in 1867.
Goldminers, Fisherman, and Trappers from Sweden, Norway, Irish, Scottish, Finland, America, and Germany who married Aleut Women after 1867. Some Russians stayed for citizenship.
WWII forced Alaskan Natives from Unalaska to camps where many more died.
The remaining population moved to other parts of Alaska.
The final remaining population of Aleut and other Alaskans became part of the ANSCA in 1971
If you are a female, you have likely inherited your Aleut Mother's MTDNA D2A1A.
If you are a male, your Aleut DNA would be through your Mother.
Aleut Females likely have an admix through their Father's that may be a combination of
Aleut, Russian, Norwegian, Swedish, Spanish, Native American, Canadian, Irish, Scottish, Finnish, German or other, depending on which generation immigrated to Alaska and married into the Female Alaskan Native Indian line.
Besides DNA tests, another way to find hints about your European Ancestors' is by surname.
Russian examples: http://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/russian
Finnish names: http://finland.fi/life-society/surname-stories-land-of-the-nens/
Swedish names: https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Sweden_Names,_Personal
Nordic names: http://www.nordicnames.de/wiki/Main_Page
Norwegian names: http://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/norwegian
Spanish names: http://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/spanish
Another way to find the origin of ancestors is to google their surname.
Yes, through my constant research, I can see that all the full-blooded males that had children did cease to exist. This solidifies early theories that there aren't any more full-blooded Aleuts.
Even more interesting is that the bulk of Aleuts with the highest Native blood quantum, are having Athabascan blood. There are also a few with significant quantity of Tlingit background, but the amount is small, in comparison with most.
In modern times, lots of families who have claimed substantial blood quantum, most of whom are not even close to the amount on their papers, are marrying Yupik. There are also some being absorbed into the Inupiaq / Inupiat communities. The others that have been accepted by tribal entities, outside their respective primary form of self-identification, are now Tlingit.
You have done an amazing job on the research Byron and contributed so much work, piecing together families. No other person has done so much for Alaska's genealogy community.
Have you been to gedmatch lately? They have been changing the MDLP Haplogroup and World Haplogroup origins. Before when I checked, it said my Mothers line was everything from Aleut to Paleo Eskimo to Tlingit, Haida, etc, now it is lumped together into pretty much three basic groups; Aleut,Tsimshian and La Brana 1.
You were right about Aleut etc., being part European admix. There is the Asian contribution and the Paleo Siberian contribution. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Paleo-Siberian
Something I wonder about the Paleo Siberian contribution. Does it show up because of ancient origins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETm2e4M7T4c or does it show up because of more recent ones in the past few hundreds of years. In a book online, it talks about Vitus Bering's trips along these rivers in Russia where the Ket lived. I wonder if he picked some some of the Men up and brought them to Alaska later? They were used to living in some of the harshest conditions on earth, so it would be logical that they would be useful to him. https://books.google.com/books?id=KnoSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA22&lpg=...
Thank you again for your all your help :)
Well, I try. It's too much for a single person to keep up with, especially the information on ethnic backgrounds of the lineages. I find that the more I research, the more I have to change.
I remember at GEDMATCH that you and I had a common ancestor, somewhere, but what I learned since then is that my great grandmother was Tlingit. I also discovered Athabascan background as well. So, I think Tlingit in your admix results is probably spot-on. Plenty of Russians married baptized Tlingits and other Tlingits got absorbed into the islands and they went unnoticed because they had Russian names. Their offspring claimed Sugpiaq and Ungan and I am finding them, one family at a time. The most prevalent is definitely Athabascan though. It's because the Aleuts were heavily involved with excursions into the interior, but also, if you pay attention to Aleut lore, some Athabascan were originally Aleut. Same is said of Haida and I have heard it from both sides. Just different genetic markers from breeding with locals over time.
The first people into Alaska were called Russian, but most weren't ethnic Russians. They were the natives of Siberia and probably looked similar to our ancestors. No doubt that they had European blood in them. I think this is where those pieces are coming from. More recent than ancestral. At least in the last 250 years.
Again, for your background, I think Eskimo, Tlingit and Haida, are all likely true. They say the Aleuts are from the same basic genetic stock as the Eskimo and then the Alutiiq seem a mixed bag with both Aleut and Eskimo backgrounds, more recently, depending on the area they hailed from. The Haida, well, we may never know. It is only a certainty that we made it to the mainland, then went back to the islands. The only ones that stayed put were in Attu.
The more they research, the more the information changes, depending on how far back in time you go. The Aleut were a separate lineage from the other Alaskan Indians. If you follow the coastal path of migration, it's a lot of miles to cover no matter how you do it). The Aleut are D2a1a, other Tribes are Q or A haplogroups with some X thrown in for mystery. Now they want to throw in some Oceana into the mix as the oldest of all.
Depending on which heritage you use on gedmatch, you get different results.
MDLP World and World 22 has my maternal line as either strictly Aleut or a mix of Aleut/Tsishimian, Tlingit, and Haida. For some reason I thought La-Brana 1 was part of that but it is actually under Eurogenes and takes up over 6% which is rather high percentage for a modern girl like me. lol I have not found any other La-Brana 1 matches on oracle 4, and sadly, the articles say it's extinct. It must be an error or something because the older archaic match @ 45,000 yrs. old shows up at as a closer relative; F999935 but he is also extinct.