Wolfert Christoffer von Gauchen - von Gauchen / von Saucken

The word "von" means from.

Yes, but in this case "von/from" is an indicator for nobility. But again, the family "von Saucken" is sometimes written "von Sauken", but I found up to now never "von Gauchen".
see https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saucken_(Adelsgeschlecht)

A sister of Wolfert Christoffers wife Anna, Margareta von Kunheim, was married to Hans von Saucken, so maybe "Gauchen" should be Saucken". Do you have a source record for Wolfert?

Nope, "von/from" is not an indicator for nobility.

See my comments - and references to articles by Veli Pekka Toropainen, at the following Geni profiles:
Gevert Bugenhagen
Didrich Bugenhagen

See also Anna von Kunheim - where the comments tell that Anna von Kunheim died childless "1611 kinderlos gestorben" and that her husband's name had been Christoph Wolffert and note that in that comment for Anna von Kunheim strongly points out that she could never have been married to Wolfert Christopher von Saucken [alt. Sauchen, alt. Gauchen].